大连理工版实用英语(工程管理类)第四单元翻译.docVIP

The Emerging Role of Management in Civil Engineering 管理土木工程新兴的作用 1.During the past two decades,many civil engineering firms have grown substantially in staff size , disciplines , and geographic areas served . 在过去的20年里,许多土木工程公司已经大体上公司员工的数量,纪律,地区服务。 These conditions have created a demand for civil engineers with special skills in project management 这些条件创造了一个需求土木工程师具有特殊技能的项目管理 2.Managerial skills have become important because many of these civil engineering firms have grown substantially in recent years .管理技能已成为重要的因为他们的许多土木工程公司近年来大幅增加。 Several have more than 5000 empolyees with over 500 projects and over 100 offices .其中有超过5000的雇员超过500项目和超过100个办事处。 Every large project requires a managers . Every standalone office requires a senior manager . 每一个大项目需要一个经理。每一个独立的办公室需要一个高级经理了。 A logic question is how these managers , who require business skills , are developed from a pool of civil engineers who are trained as technical experts.一种逻辑问题是如何使这些管理者,需要合适的职业技能开发研制,从一个游泳池,土木工程师被训练的技术专家。 3.obviously,most managers have had many years of on-the-job training 。很明显,大多数经理有多年的在职培训。 however , there is now a greatly increased demand and few firms have either the facilities or the staff to produce this training in-house . 然而,现在有更大的需求和几家公司已经或设施或人员产生这种培训内部。 Therefore , firms are increasingly looking to the outside for management training of staff.因此,公司日益关注,在管理员工培训。 4.A few of universities in america have recognized the need and have developed curricula to promote development of the required skills .一些高校在美国已经承认了这个需要,发展课程为促进发展所需要的技能。 For example , at northwestern university , one of the hottest new graduate programs in civil engineering is the masters in project management (MPM) and includes such subjects as: 比如,西北大学、最热的一个新的研究生课程是土木工程项目管理的硕士学位(MPM)和包括这样的问题: 1. Financial issues for engineers 财务问题的工程师 2. Bargaining and negotiations 讨价还价,谈判 3. Human resources management 人力资源管理 4. Project scheduling 项目调度问题 5. Accounting issues for engineers 会计问题对于工程师 6. Engineering law 工程法 5.The sele