4[1].2 负离子.pptVIP

Overview 1877 ---- Waitz ring-openingly polymerized ethylene oxide. 1949 --- Styrene and acrylic nitrile are polymerized in liquid ammonia with potassium amide as a initiator, which bring out a mechanism of the anionic polymerization. 1952---- Quantitative kinetic studies were done. 1956 ---- Szwarc notified the cationic living polymer- ization. Polymers of specific structure, like ABA block copolymer, starshaped polymer and pectinate polymer, could be synthesized, meeting the aim of polymer molecular design.Industrial practice is realized, for example, the produce of liquid butadiene styrene rubber and butadiene styrene block copolymer SBS resin has been industrialized. 4·3·1 The Initiator and Monomer In these initiators: The alkali metals suspension system is that in which melted alkali metal tiny beads disperse in an inert organic solvent; Organic lithium reagent is prepared by metal lithium and alkyl halide in an organic solvent; Grignard reagent is prepared by the reaction of metal Mg and alkyl halide. 4·3·1 The Initiator and Monomer The Radical anionic initiator，for example, naphthalene natrium must be prepared in an ether solvent by the reaction of natrium mirror and naphthalene. 4·3·1 The Initiator and Monomer Aluminium alkyl is apt to burn in the air. Removing the solvent from lithium alkyl and Grignard reagent, the residual solid is inclined to be blasted. 4·3·1 The Initiator and Monomer In many anionic polymerizations, the length of the chain depends on the quantity of the initiator. In principle, every initiator molecular produce a polymer chain. So the more the quantity of the initiator adds,the lower the MW of produced polymer is. The Polymer of narrow MWD could be prepared by this kind of polymerization. 4.3.2 Mechanism The Anionic polymerization still belongs to the chain polymerization. It consis