欧洲残余应力标准重点介绍.pptVIP

6.4 Choice of the detector 探测器的选择 Spatial resolution of a linear or area detector is generally not an issue in stress analysis. 线性或面探测器的空间分辨率一般不会影响应力分析。 A good energy resolution helps to reduce the background and thus to obtain good line position repeatability. 一个好的能量分辨率有利于减少背景噪音，从而取得好的衍射峰位置重复性。 Saturation of the detector shall be avoided because it distorts the shape of the diffraction lines. 应避免探测器辐射饱和，因为它扭曲了的衍射峰形。 标准正文第23页 6.6.2.2 Criteria of qualification of a stress free specimen无应力标样的验证 The equipment is certified if the stress free specimen gives the following result: 检测无应力标样时满足下列条件的设备即通过认证： 标准正文第25页 7.4 Data collection 数据采集 If there is no shear stress τφ, i.e. in the plane normal to the specimen surface in the investigated φ direction, at least four to five measurements in a range of sin2ψ values to a value as large as possible (typically 0.5 or more) and constant sin2ψ steps are recommended. 如果在垂直于试样表面的平面上被检测的φ方向上没有剪应力τφ，至少要测量四到五个sin2ψ值，且sin2ψ值应尽可能大（一般为0.5或以上），同时建议每个sin2ψ值的间距一样大。 If a shear stress normal to the specimen surface in the investigated φ direction seems to be present, at least 7 measurements in the sin2ψ range are necessary with negative and positive values of ψ in order to analyse the ψ-splitting. More than 9 measurements are recommended. 如果在垂直于试样表面的平面上被检测的φ方向上可能有剪应力存在，必须在正负ψ方向上测量7个sin2ψ值，以分析ψ分叉。建议做9个以上测量。 标准正文第29页 8.2 Treatment of the diffraction data 8.2.2 Intensity corrections 8.2 衍射数据处理 8.2.2 强度校正 A precise determination of the position of a diffraction line can be obtained after applying the appropriate corrections to the intensities. The following corrections are commonly used: 采用适当的强度校正方式可以获得精确的衍射峰定位。常用的校正方法如下： ? Divergence slit correction; 发散狭缝校正； ? Absorption factor A; 吸收因子A; ? Lorentz-polarisation factor LP; 洛伦兹极化因子LP; ? Alpha2 stripping. α2剥离。 标准正文第30/31页 8.2.3 Determination of the diffraction line position Several methods exist for the determination of the diffraction line position. The parameters of the chosen m