管理学中的问卷研究法(2).pptVIP

* Interpreting MTMM Reliability (monotrait-monomethod) should be the highest Monotrait-heteromethod (convergent validity) must be 0 and high Monotrait-heteromethod (convergent validity) heterotrait-monomethod (discriminant validity) heterotrait-heteromethod (i.e., convergent validity should be higher than discriminant validity) * Step 6: Replication Find an independent sample to collect more data using the measure. The replication should include confirmatory factor analysis, assessment of internal consistency, and convergent, discriminant, and criterion-related validity assessment * Inductive Example: Taking Charge (Morrison Phelps, 1999, AMJ) Open-end survey to 148 MBA to list 152 efforts, and collected 445 statements. Reduce the list to 180 by eliminating redundant and ambiguous ones, and sort the statements into 19 groups based on similarity. Write a general statement to reflect each group, compare the content of the statements with the construct, and result in 10 prototypical activities to reflect the construct. Pretest it to 20 MBA students, to check for clarity and suggestion for wording improvements Pretest the measure with a sample of 152 working MBAs, to assess internal consistency of the items and check whether the 10 specific behaviors were extra-role activities. 77% checked six or more. * Open-ended Survey: Taking Charge (Morrison Phelps, 1999, AMJ) To think of individuals with whom they had worked who have actively tried to bring about improvement within their organization. These change efforts could be aimed at any aspect of the org, including the person’s job, how work was performed within their dept, and org’al policies or procedures. To focus on efforts that went beyond the person’s formal role or, efforts that were not required or formally expected. To list specific behaviors that reflected or exemplified the person’s change effort. * Sample Items: Taking Charge (Morrison Phelps, 1999, AMJ) Try to institut