核糖核酸组和核糖核酸组学.pptVIP

核糖核酸组和核糖核酸组学RNAome RNAomics Presentation for the course of the Medical Molecular Biology RNA introduction The centrality of RNA in cellular processes and gene regulation reflects its biochemical properties and early appearance during evolution. The linear sequence of RNA makes it a simple source of genetic information. The property of RNA to form secondary structure, shielding some sequences while exposing others for recognition, facilitates its interactions with other molecules. In more complex fashion, RNA can assume tertiary structures that present surfaces for interactions and contain internal environments that create binding sites for metal ions that are sufficiently sequestered from solvent that they can promote catalytic reactions. The centrality of RNA The catalog of RNA Protein-coding-RNA Non-protein-coding-RNA Protein coding RNA mRNA transcriptional unit Non protein coding RNA rRNA, tRNA, Ribozyme, snRNA (small nuclear RNA) Long ncRNA Small ncRNA (miRNA, siRNA, piRNA) Sense RNA, antisense RNA RNA World Some characteristics for a variety of transcripts: what sites for transcription, what process for transcripts to become mature, where those transcripts to play and to involve what biological process Protein-coding RNA and protein-non-coding RNA (ncRNA) ncRNA= long ncRNA + short ncRNA, tRNA, rRNA, Ribozyme Different types of ncRNAs genes can be transcribed by Pol (RNAP) I, II, III. spRNAP IV (single peptide mitochondrial RNAP) to transcribe a small fraction of mRNAs in human. In each tissues, the most highly expressed exclusively intronic antisense RNAs were transcribed from a group of protein-coding genes, some subset of which overlap protein-coding exons, meaning to regulate abundance or alternative exon-splicing. Intronic ncRNAs to be insensetive to RNAP inhibition by a-amanitin. Protein coding RNA transcription unit In view of genome, genes exist as individual transcription units for coding of protein. Transcription unit is a sequen