国际商务英语教程教案(南京工业大学英语双学位).docVIP

Lesson One Modes of International Business 1. Merchandise exports and imports Smaller companies are more involved in importing and exporting than in any other international mode. Merchandise exports are tangible products sent out of a country while merchandise imports are goods brought in. Merchandise exports and imports are also called visible exports and imports. The terms exports and imports frequently apply to merchandise, not service. For most countries, exporting and importing of goods are the major sources of international revenue and expenditures. 2. Service exports and imports Service exports and imports are nonproduct international earnings. The company or individual receiving payment is making a service export. The company or individual paying is making a service import. Service exports and imports take many forms: A. Tourism and transportation B. Performance of services C. Use of assets A. Tourism and transportation International tourism and transportation are important sources of revenue for airlines, shipping companies, travel agencies, and hotels. Greece, Norway, and Bahama depend heavily on tourism and transportation. B. Performance of services Some services, such as banking, insurance, rentals, engineering, management services, and so on, net companies earnings in the forms of fees. Companies pay fees for engineering services that are often handled through turnkey operation--construction, performed under contract, of facilities that are transferred to the owner when they are ready to begin operating. eg: banking, insurance, rentals, engineering, management service... turnkey operations; management fees of Disney theme parks Companies also pay fees for management contracts-- arrangements in which one company provides personnel to perform general or specialized management functions for another company. C. Use of assets When companies allow others to use their assets, such as trademarks, patents, copyrights, or expertise under contracts, also