基于wsn的水位检测技术分析-analysis of water level detection technology based on wsn.docxVIP

摘要随着经济的发展，城市规模越来越大，利用传统的手段难以管理日益庞大与复杂的城市 排水管网，暴雨时的城市内涝成为我国各大城市的通病。如何有效管理排水系统，充分发挥 排水系统效率，防止城市内涝，是目前研究的重点课题。建立全面实时的排水信息系统，实 现智慧水务是解决上述困难的有效方法，实现立交桥、排水管网、下穿隧道等易涝点的水位 实时监测是解决问题的关键。由于这些关键监测点数量多，分布范围广，环境恶劣，供电困 难，通用的水位传感器与检测方法不能满足要求。针对上述问题，本论文提出了基于无线传 感网络和超声水位传感器的城市水位监测解决方案。本论文探讨了水位监测系统的构架与信号传输方式，研究了基于 ZigBee 网络与 GPRS 的 组网技术，设计了应用层信号协议，较好的解决了水位检测点信号传输问题。针对易涝点水 位检测的特殊要求，研究了利用超声技术的水位传感器，设计了检测电路与检测软件，实现 了易涝点水位的实时监控。针对水位监测点供电困难的问题，设计了太阳能蓄电池供电系统 为设备供电，并探讨了功耗控制技术与设备节点的间歇式运行的工作策略，实现了水位低成 本、低功耗检测。本文最后开发了水位实时监控客户端软件对整体系统进行验证测试，测试 结果表明，该系统运行模式合理、监控精确可靠，满足智慧城市水务建设的需求。关键词：水位检测、WSN、GPRS、低功耗、能源管理ABSTRACTWith the development of economy and the increasing scale of the city, it is difficult to manage increasingly large and complex urban drainage network by the traditional means, urban waterlogging has become a common problem during heavy rains in major cities of our country. It is the focus of current research that how to manage the drainage system effectively, give full play to the efficiency of drainage system for preventing urban waterlogging. Building a comprehensive real-time drainage information system and realizing intelligent water is the effective method to solve the above difficulties,achieving water level real-time monitoring of waterlogged points such as overpasses, drainage network, tunnels beneath is the key to solve the problem. Due to the number of these key monitoring points, wide distribution, harsh environments and power supply difficulties, the general water level sensors and detection methods can not meet the requirements. In view of the above problems, this paper presents the city water level monitoring solutions based on wireless sensor network and ultrasonic level sensor.This paper discussed the structure and signal transmission method of water level monitoring system, studied networking technology based on ZigBee network and GPRS, designed the application layer signaling protocol, all of these can better solve the problem of the water level testing points’ signal