电子与 及通信工程专业英语Unit 15 Network Security Basics.pptVIP

Unit 15 Network Security Basics;　　The first question to address is what we mean by “network security”. Several possible fields of endeavor come to mind within this broad topic, and each is worthy of a lengthy article. To begin, virtually all the security policy issues raised in Matt Bishop’s book, Computer Security Art and Science, apply to network as well as general computer security considerations. In fact, viewed from this perspective, network security is a subset of computer security. ;The art and science of cryptography and its role in providing confidentiality, integrity, and authentication represents another distinct focus even though it’s an integral feature of network security policy[1]. Readers looking for a good introduction (and more) to this area should consider Practical Cryptography by Niels Ferguson and Bruce Schneier.　　The topic also includes design and configuration issues for both network-perimeter and computer system security. ;References in this area include Stephen Northcutt and colleagues’ Inside Network Perimeter Security, the classic Firewalls and Network Security by Steven Bellovin and William Cheswick, and too many specific system configuration texts to list. These are merely starting points for the interested novice. 　　The practical networking aspects of security include computer intrusion detection, traffic analysis, and network monitoring. This article focuses on these aspects because they principally entail a networking perspective.;　　1．Network traffic　　To analyze network traffic, we need a basic understanding of its composition. In this regard, networking people often speak of flows and formats. Flow is a laconic reference to networking protocols and the messages that travel back and forth between their endpoints. Format refers to the structure of the cells, frames, packets, datagrams, and segments (the awkward generic term is protocol data units) that comprise the flow. The vast majority of network traffic today uses the Internet