jtext托卡马克弯晶谱仪系统研制和等离子体本征转动实验研究-development of j text tokamak bending crystal spectrometer system and experimental study on plasma intrinsic rotation.docxVIP

基于成熟的转动理论，创新地对弯晶谱仪测量转动速度的方向和大小依次进行标定，然后结合边界可见光光栅光谱仪测量边界环向转动，首次给出 J-TEXT 欧姆 等离子体本征转动速度剖面。基于此，研究外加螺旋场作用下等离子体转动的输运 特性。实验发现，螺旋场的共振分量起主要作用，螺旋场穿透锁模发生在 q=2 有理 面，穿透之后由于模式耦合产生的电磁力使边界和中心的转动速度几乎同时朝电流 方向加速，并在能量约束时间尺度 10ms 达到新的平衡，转动输运速率远大于反常 输运。模式 2/1 和 1/1 之间的耦合作用在速度剖面演化中起到关键作用，另外与其 它装置上的结果不同的是穿透锁模后转动剖面不为零，而且依然存在梯度。直接利 用放电中撕裂模频率较宽的分布，外加螺旋场对撕裂模的作用表现出完全抑制、不 完全抑制、锁模和非均匀振荡四种不同的响应。锁模与完全抑制存在明显的 5kHz 频率界限，锁模阈值和抑制阈值都与撕裂模频率有直接的联系。数值模拟研究与实 验结果吻合，更清晰的理解了转动在撕裂模演化中的作用机制。关键词：弯晶谱仪托卡马克等离子体本征转动共振螺旋场AbstractAs a magnetic confined fusion device, tokamak plasma should reach the required triplet for ignition. The macro and micro instabilities in tokamaks always exist, deteriorating the confinement and even stimulating a major disruption which can cause irreparable damage. The transition from L- to H-mode discharge motivates the research on plasma rotation. The plasma rotation increases greatly during the formation of internal transport barrier due to the suppression of turbulence. In addition, certain plasma rotation and its shear have positive effects in suppressing macroscopic instabilities and they are related to the threshold power for achieving H-mode. It is thus very important for tokamak researchers to monitor and control the plasma rotation.In present tokamaks, plasma rotation is usually driven by externally neutral beam injection system directly. Charge exchange and Coulomb collision happens between energetic neutrons and main ions which in turns transfers the momentum of neutrons to plasma. To ITER plasmas, the penetration depth and efficiency of neutral beams will be limited by its high density and big mass. Other driven mechanism should be considered for ITER which need certain rotation to suppress instabilities. However, the intrinsic rotation observed in tokamaks without any external momentum input can be a candidate for ITER. The intrinsic rotation in L- and H- mode has been investigated broadly: its transport along radial direction is anomalous, and it is found to be related to many