高考英语精细化学通语法普通高中版讲义：第六讲 动__词 Word版含答案.docxVIP

第六讲动__词动词的分类(一)实义动词实义动词是指具有完整意义、可以单独作谓语的动词。根据其后是否需要跟宾语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词；根据其所表示的动作是否具有延续性，可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。1．及物动词后面直接跟宾语的实义动词称为及物动词，及物动词后可跟单宾语、双宾语或复合宾语。He would come home from work and ask his kids if they had brushed their teeth. 他下班回家以后经常会问他的孩子是否已经刷牙了。A man immediately rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in without hesitation.一个人立即冲到女孩身边，给她实施急救，我也毫不犹豫地加入(帮忙)。One day, when I opened my book, I found a beautiful card attached to the first page, which gave me the best wishes.一天，当我打开我的书的时候，我发现了附在第一页上的一张漂亮的卡片，卡片给了我最好的祝福。2．不及物动词后面不能直接跟宾语的实义动词称为不及物动词，不及物动词若跟宾语，后面需要加介词。Don’t wait for good things to happen to you. You need to walk towards happiness.不要等待好事降临，你要向幸福出发。It is impolite to laugh at others.嘲笑别人是不礼貌的。3．延续性动词和非延续性动词延续性动词表示动作可以延续，可与表示一段时间的状语连用。非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间性动词，在肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，在否定句中则可以。The boy slept until seven o’clock this morning.那个男孩一直睡到今天早晨七点。They didn’t finish their homework until 12 o’clock.他们直到12点才完成了家庭作业。(二)助动词记忆口诀助动词，用法怪，只当佐料不当菜；句型变换显身手，常与时态谈恋爱。have完成be进行，will将来三大块；加上各自过去式，总共构成六时态。否定疑问靠它们，过去did，do现在；一般现在和过去，没有助动也无碍；第三人单用does，否定疑问照常变。(三)连系动词连系动词后面常接形容词或名词，构成系表结构，说明主语的状态、性质、特征等情况。按其所表示的意义，连系动词可分为五种。1．状态类：表示人或事物的状态，如be动词，keep, remain, stand, lie, stay等。He came late in the afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone.那天傍晚当他回来的时候，他发现自己的手提箱不见了。2．变化类：表示事物发展变化的过程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall, come等。Only in this way can they grow up to be independent and become truly successful.只有这样他们才能长大、独立，成为真正的成功者。3．感官类：表示人体感官的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。My first attempting a chocolate cake tasted horrible.我首次试做的巧克力蛋糕难吃极了。4．表象类：表示“看起来像”，如seem, appear, look等。Again and again, in the postwar years, Twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race.在战后的几年里，吐温好像再三被迫处理种族的难题。5．终止类：表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, turn out等，表示“证实；变成”之意。His plan proved practical.他的计划被证明是切实可行的。[对点练1]　单句改错①After that, everyone enjoyed the sweet birthday cake and shared with my happiness. 去掉with②We never know one minute on the stage takes away ten years of practice. 去掉away③They