论利奥塔后现代思想的建构——《后现代状况关于知识的报告》的解读与分析-on the construction of lyotards postmodern thoughts —— interpretation and analysis of postmodern situation report on knowledge.docxVIP

AbstractThe Postmodern Condition: A Report on Knowledge , masterpiece of J·F·Lyotard, who is the famous French postmodern philosopher, is seen as the foundation of the “postmodrenism”and its research methodology。In this short but influential book, Lyotard borrowed the conceptof language-games, a term coined by Wittgenstein. Centering on the analysis of metanarrative crisis and postmodern communication, the book analyses the status quo of the postmodern society’s knowledge by means of pragmatic methods. The postmodern society’s knowledge is no longer the united, absolute and truth-natured knowledge but the different kinds of games following different kinds of rules. This definition of knowledge not only brings knowledge into the relative status, but solicits people’s deeper thinking: how to attest knowledge’s legitimation if it is viewed in this way? Catching the opportunity to answer this question, Lyotard opens up the postmodernism, a new way to understand the multiplex, deconstructed, differentiated, and floated postmodern knowledge, and to prove its legitimation, which signifies the arrival of an era, the one that attaches importance the knowledge differentiation.Lyotard elaborates postmodern ideas from the knowledge status of the most developed societies. In the early 1960s, with the rapid development of economy and technology, the western societies enter what is known as the postindustrial age and cultures enter what is known as the postmodern age. With the improvement of information technology, there have been great changes of the nature, power, and function of the knowledge, which becomes commercialized, technicalized, and powerized. Lyotard cast doubt on the general pattern of technology improvement, which is regarded to have brought the economy growth and the power change of the social politics. Then Lyotard initiates the problem of knowledge legitimation. Lyotard is not a postmodern thinker from the beginning, and his turn to the postmodernism comes from h