阿克苏地区枣树茎流变化特征及影响因子分析-characteristics of stem flow changes and analysis of influencing factors in jujube trees in aksu region.docxVIP

中文摘要新疆红枣种植面积和红枣产量快速增长，已成为新疆经济发展的重要支柱。 目前新疆农业水资源利用率极低，不但与新疆水资源匮乏的现状相矛盾，还限 制了林果业规模的发展。因此，利用热扩散式茎流计、自动气象站和 EM50 水分 测定仪对枣树茎流、气象因子和土壤水分进行试验监测，对枣树茎流动态变化 和不同地径、不同天气条件以及不同灌水量下枣树茎流的变化规律进行研究， 并给出了气象因子对枣树茎流量影响的多元线性回归模型。为不同环境条件下 枣树实际蒸腾耗水量提供数据支撑，进一步对枣树合理灌溉提供数据支撑。结 果表明：（1）枣树茎流速率每日昼夜变化幅度较大，枣树茎流速率在 8:00 至 9:00之间开始增加，在 12:30 至 13:30 之间达到峰值。（2）不同月份枣树日累计茎流量、日均茎流速率和日均茎流量为：7 月＞6 月＞8 月＞5 月；枣树茎流速率峰值和茎流量峰值为：7 月＞8 月＞6 月＞5 月。（3）随着枣树径级的增大，枣树茎流量峰值、日均茎流量以及日累计茎流 量随之增大，但枣树茎流速率峰值、日均茎流速率随之减小。（4）不同天气条件下枣树耗水量呈现出，晴天＞阴天＞雨天。晴天与雨天 条件下，太阳辐射是影响茎流速率的主导因子；阴天条件下，空气温度是影响 茎流速率的主导因子。（5）不同灌水量下，枣树的茎流量峰值、日均茎流量和日累计茎流量均呈 现出灌水处理 1＜灌水处理 3＜灌水处理 2。在本试验条件下，灌水处理 2（1800m3/hm2）作为 9 cm 径级枣树的灌水定额较为适宜。（6）枣树茎流与气象因子密切相关。利用逐步回归分析法对气象因子与枣 树茎流量的关系进行分析得出的多元线性回归模型，其计算精度较为良好，该 模型可以用来模拟枣树的茎流量。关键词：枣树；茎流变化；灌水量；气象因子AbstractThe cultivated area and production of jujube grow rapidly in Xinjiang province. Jujube has become the important pillar of economic development in Xinjiang province. The utilization rate of agricultural water is low in Xinjiang province, which is inconsistent with the status of water resources shortage of Xinjiang province and restricted the development of forestry and fruit industry scale. The monitor of stem sap flow velocity of jujube and meteorological factor and water moisture were performed by thermal dissipation sap velocity probe and HOBO and EM50. The research of the law of variation of sap flow velocity under different diameter level, different weather conditions, different irrigation amounts and multiple linear regression models of sap flow velocity and meteorological factor could provide data support to the actual transpiration of jujube, which could provide data support to reasonable irrigation of Jujube.（1）The diurnal variation amplitude of stem sap flow velocity of jujube isobvious.The stem sap flow velocity of jujube start at 8:00~9:00 and achieve the peak value at 12:30~13:30.（2）Average daily sap flow velocity and sap flow accumulation of jujube underdifferent month showed as follow: July﹥June﹥August﹥May;