《土木工程英语》Unit3 Bridge Engineering桥梁工程.ppt

Words and expressions 1. combination 2. truss 3. arch 4. girder 5. skeleton 6. timber 7. reinforced concrete 8. timber structure 9. wall bearing construction 10. suspended structure Questions 1. Does “wall bearing construction” mean that it only keeps out the weather? If not, what does it mean? 2. What does skeleton construction mean? 3. What kind of construction is used for a building of one hundred storeys high? Translation Bridges generally are considered to be composed of three separate parts: substructure, superstructure, and deck. The substructure or foundation of a bridge consists of the piers and abutments which carry the superimposed load of the superstructure to the underlying soil or rock. The superstructure is that portion of a bridge or trestle lying above the piers and abutments. The deck or flooring is supported on the bridge superstructure; it carries and is in direct contact with the traffic for which passage is provided. Types of bridges Text Suspension bridges Suspension bridges are suspended from cables. The earliest suspension bridges were made of ropes or vines covered with pieces of bamboo. In modern bridges, the cables hang from towers that are attached to caissons or cofferdams. The caissons or cofferdams are implanted deep into the floor of a lake or river. The longest suspension bridge in the world is the 12,826?feet (3,909?m) Akashi Kaikyo Bridge in Japan.[14] See simple suspension bridge, stressed ribbon bridge, underspanned suspension bridge, suspended-deck suspension bridge, and self-anchored suspension bridge. Types of bridges Text Cable-stayed bridges Like suspension bridges, cable-stayed bridges are held up by cables. However, in a cable-stayed bridge, less cable is required and the towers holding the cables are proportionately shorter. [15] The first known cable-stayed bridge was designed in 1784 by C.T. Loescher.[16] The longest cable-stayed bridge is the Sutong Bridge over the Yangtze River in China. Text Bridge Stru