传染病护理学重点（Key points of infectious disease nursing）.docVIP

传染病护理学重点（Key points of infectious disease nursing） 2. pathogenicity of pathogens during infection: (1) invasiveness: the ability of pathogens to invade the body and spread in vivo. Such as: invasive ability, soluble tissue capacity, penetration and so on. (2): including virulence exotoxin, endotoxin and virulence factors. (3) number: the same pathogen, the number of invasion is often proportional to its pathogenic ability; in different infectious diseases, the number of pathogens causing a certain infectious disease varies greatly. (4) variation Immune response during 3. infection: nonspecific immunity and specific immunity (1) nonspecific immunity: the mechanism of the bodys elimination of foreign body into the body. It is obtained by heredity without antigen specificity, also known as innate immunity. Three main natural barriers skin, blood, cerebrospinal fluid, placenta; phagocytosis; humoral factors. Phagocytosis: mononuclear phagocyte system has nonspecific phagocytic function. Humoral factors, including fluid infusion, lysozyme and various cytokines, such as interleukin, tumor necrosis factor, interferon gamma, etc.. (2) specific immunity: the specific immune response produced by the anti recognition of the antigen is an acquired active immunity. It includes humoral immunity mediated by B lymphocytes and cell-mediated immunity mediated by T lymphocytes. 7. the route of transmission of viral hepatitis (1) fecal oral transmission: the main route of transmission of hepatitis A and e; (2) the spread of blood and body fluids: mainly spread hepatitis B, hepatitis C, d way (3) mother to child transmission: mainly through the placenta, birth canal delivery, breast-feeding and feeding and other means of transmission, is also an important route of transmission of HBV infection. 8.. Detection of hepatitis virus etiology (markers) The hepatitis A: Anti -HAV-IgG serum: recent infection index, is a marker for diagnosis of hepatitis A in the main. Serum anti HAV-IgG: protect