汉语述补结构在英语中表现方法的考察.pdf

华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 摘 要 汉语中的述补结构因其本身的复杂性历来是语法学界关注的热点,也是汉语教学 尤其是对外汉语教学的重点和难点。语法学界对述补结构的范围、分类的认识都存 在着分歧。20 世纪90 年代以来, 国内外不断有人提出重构汉语述补结构系统的设 想，多年来,对外汉语教学的补语系统因其类别多(8 类) 、范围大、用法复杂, 已成为 影响教学的不利因素。 由于隶属不同的语系，英汉补语在概念，性质和作用上都具有极大的差异， 汉语中的述补结构是其特有的一种语言现象，人们都知道，英语与汉语是没有优 劣之分的。既然英语中没有补语，其必有其它成分或功能或形态(如动词的时态变 化)能代替汉语的补语功能。 本文在前人总结的基础上，将英汉语中补语概念，性质和作用的不同进行对 比分析，重点研究汉语中的述补结构在英语中的各种表达方式。就汉语补语的组 成成分，基本类型及在英语中的语义表现进行分析，显示它与英语语系中补语意 义的差异性，分别从汉语述补结构多样而复杂的结构类型，结构上的缩略，以及 同义格式的辨析分析归纳其在英语中的不同表现形式以及这些表现形式的语法功 能和所充当的句法成分。 关键词：英汉对比， 述补结构， 对外汉语教学 I 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 ABSTRACT The verb complement phrase has been the focus of discussion among Chinese grammarians because of its complexity. In the teaching of Chinese as a second language , the complement system has been a great difficulty ,as it comprises as many as 8 kinds of complement with very complicated usage.there is great divergence on the range and classification of Chinese complement. Since 1990s,Some experts from home and broad have proposed the ideas of restructuring the Chinese complemnt system constantly. Since the two complements subordinate to the different language family , there are extremely large difference on the concept, character and the effect between English and Chinese complements. The verb complement phrase is a special kind of language phenomenon of Chinese .Everyone knows that English and Chinese are not superior or inferior.Since having not the complement as Chinese meaning in English language, it necessarily has its own other component or function or form (such as the verb tense changes)which can be able to replace Sinitic function. On the Basis