Philosophy The Passion to Understand哲学的热情去理解.pptVIP

Philosophy: The Passion to Understand Chapter 9 Philosophy A passion to understand, a love of wisdom…conveying information is not as important as helping others in their search for wisdom The Branches of Philosophy Metaphysics…an area of philosophy that deals with questions about the nature of ultimate reality… a search for order and wholeness, is human nature physical or spiritual… ultimate questions about persons and about the universe Epistemology and Axiology Epistemology: An area of philosophy that examines questions about how and what we know…what knowledge is true…is there a difference between knowledge and belief? Axiology: An area of philosophy that deals with the nature of values…the nature of the good and the beautiful. Ethics is concerned with moral values and conduct; Aesthetics is concerned with the theory of beauty Thinking as a Philosopher Abstraction and Precision…this tension is at the heart of the philosopher’s task Analytic thinking…a thinking strategy that focuses on questions of the “what seems to be” type; includes abstractions, imagination, generalization, and logic Prophetic thinking…a thinking strategy that focuses on questions of the “what ought to be” type; includes discernment, connection, tracking hypocrisy, and hope Logic Deals with the nature of reasoning…logic examines the principles that allow us to move from one argument to the next Deduction…the type of reasoning that moves from a general statement to a specific conclusion I