THE WRECK REMOVAL CONVENTION - Transport Canada 该残骸清除公约-加拿大运输.pptVIP

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THE WRECK REMOVAL CONVENTION - Transport Canada 该残骸清除公约-加拿大运输.ppt

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THE WRECK REMOVAL CONVENTION - Transport Canada 该残骸清除公约-加拿大运输

“SHIPS ON THE ROCKS” The Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks, 2007 Mark A.M. Gauthier, General Counsel Maritime Law Secretariat Transport Canada Legal Services FUNDAMENTAL PREMISE States, especially those bordering on major navigational lanes, expressed serious concerns about a lack of clear authority in international law to intervene on wrecks in their EEZ, where the wreck is only an obstacle to navigation without also posing a threat to the environment or related interests of the States The adoption of a binding international instrument consistent with the principles of UNCLOS and with customary international law was perceived as the solution to the problem THE GENESIS OF THE CONVENTION The subject of wreck removal first appeared on the agenda of the Legal Committee in 1972 at the instance of Liberia and the Comité Maritime International (CMI) Following the completion of priority work mandated by the IMO Governing Bodies over the years culminating with SUA (2005) the Legal Committee reverted to work in earnest on wreck removal, building on the efforts of the UK, Netherlands and Germany that spearheaded continuing work on this project The work culminated in the adoption of the Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks, 2007 (the Convention) by a diplomatic conference on 18 May 2007 THE EVOLUTION OF THE CONVENTION: DYNAMICS OF COMPETING NATIONAL INTERESTS There were two main issues of principle debated at the Legal Committee and at the diplomatic conference: 1. What should be the geographic scope of application? Opinion was divided between States that favoured: a Convention that applies only to the EEZ of a State Party a Convention that applies mandatorily to the EEZ of a State Party and “optionally” to a State Party’s territory including the territorial sea mandatory application to both the EEZ and the territory including the territorial sea of a State Party 2. To which wrecks should the Convention apply? some St