Step-wise resistance due to low-affinity PBPs - CISMED分步阻力是由于低亲和力青霉素结合蛋白- cismed.pptVIP

下载本文档

4
0
约1.44万字
约 35页
2018-06-24 发布于四川
举报
版权申诉

Step-wise resistance due to low-affinity PBPs - CISMED分步阻力是由于低亲和力青霉素结合蛋白- cismed.ppt

1、原创力文档（book118）网站文档一经付费（服务费），不意味着购买了该文档的版权，仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用，不得用于商业用途，未经授权，严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等，侵权必究。。
2、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传，本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺！文档内容仅供研究参考，付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费，意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险，本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务；查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档，您可以点击这里二次下载。
3、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等，请点击“版权申诉”（推荐），也可以打举报电话：400-050-0827(电话支持时间：9:00-18:30)。
4、该文档为VIP文档，如果想要下载，成为VIP会员后，下载免费。
5、成为VIP后，下载本文档将扣除1次下载权益。下载后，不支持退款、换文档。如有疑问请联系我们。
6、成为VIP后，您将拥有八大权益，权益包括：VIP文档下载权益、阅读免打扰、文档格式转换、高级专利检索、专属身份标志、高级客服、多端互通、版权登记。
7、VIP文档为合作方或网友上传，每下载1次，网站将根据用户上传文档的质量评分、类型等，对文档贡献者给予高额补贴、流量扶持。如果你也想贡献VIP文档。上传文档

Step-wise resistance due to low-affinity PBPs - CISMED分步阻力是由于低亲和力青霉素结合蛋白- cismed

Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms of Resistance Antibiotics exert selective pressure that favors emergence of resistant organisms Bacteria employ several biochemical strategies to become resistant Genetic Basis of Resistance Spontaneous mutations in endogenous genes Structural genes: expanded spectrum of enzymatic activity, target site modification, transport defect Regulatory genes: increased expression Acquisition of exogenous sequences Usually genes that encode inactivating enzymes or modified targets, regulatory genes Mechanisms of DNA transfer: conjugation (cell-cell contact); transformation (uptake of DNA in solution); transduction (transfer of DNA in bacteriophages) Expression of resistance genes Reversible induction/repression systems can affect resistance phenotypes Spread of Resistance Genes Major Classes of Antibiotics Antibiotic Susceptibility Tests Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) Reference method. Add standard inoculum to dilutions of antibiotic. Incubate overnight. MIC is lowest concentration that inhibits growth (can also be performed by agar dilution). Interpretation (S or R) is based on achievable drug levels Antibiotic Susceptibility Tests Kirby-Bauer agar disk diffusion Paper disk containing antibiotic is placed on lawn of bacteria, then incubated overnight. Diameter of zone of inhibition is inversely related to MIC (used to establish interpretive breakpoints). Standardized for commonly isolated, rapidly growing organisms. Antibiotic Susceptibility Tests E-test Strips containing a gradient of antibiotic are placed on lawn of bacteria and incubated overnight. MIC is determined at point where zone of inhibition intersects scale on strip. Combines ease of KB with an MIC method. Particularly useful for S. pneumoniae. b-lactam Antibiotics Structure of Peptidoglycan Penicillin-Binding Proteins (PBPs) Membrane bound enzymes Catalyze final steps of peptidoglycan synthesis (transglycosylation and transpeptidation) Multiple essential PBPs (4-5) -