基因芯片诊断原理精品课程.ppt

基因芯片诊断原理 生物技术2班 学号 QIAGEN 面向发展中国家的HPV检测能将宫颈癌风险降低50%以上 北京11月9日电 /新华美通/ -- 研究表明，由 QIAGEN 在全球非赢利性卫生组织美国适宜卫生科技组织 (PATH) 的支持下开发的一种专门的人乳头状瘤病毒 (HPV) 检测有潜力降低全球低收入地区宫颈癌的发病率。此次研究于本周在中国北京举行的第24届国际乳头瘤病毒学术会(24thInternationalPapillomavirus Conference) 上公布。一项建模分析发现，女性一生中只要进行三次检测并结合适当的治疗，这种正专门面向中国和印度等国家的宫颈癌筛选而开发的“FastHPV”检测能够使宫颈癌的发病率降低56%之多。此外，一份临床研究报告得出结论，FastHPV 检测能够快速准确地得出结果，而且操作简单，所需基础设施最少。对这些国家的公共卫生项目而言也将是经济可行的。 基因芯片系统 the introduction to genechip chips are devices not much larger than postage stamps. They are based on aglass substrate wafer and contain manycells ?400,000 is common. Each holds DNA from a different human gene. The array of cells makes it possible to carry out a very large number of genetic tests on a sample at one time. At the moment, devices are used in pharmaceutical laboratories to investigate whatgenes are involved in various normal and diseasprocesses and tospeed up the slow and painstaking process of finding new drugs. The hope is that it will soon be possible for doctors to use these devices to run simple tests on patients during examinations in order to diagnose diseases with a genetic base or tofindtreatment tailored to an individualgenetic make-up. The concept is seen as having vast potential, and more than a dozen firms are trying out various cost-effective ways of making the chips. The devices are often called DNA chips, or ?generally ?biochips; more formally they are referred to as microarrays, and the process of testing the gene patterns of an individual In one of the first applications of high-powered gene chip?technology to an important psychiatric syndrome, scientists reported yesterday the discovery of genes that may prove key to understand 来源于美国Washington Times, Nov. 2000 基因芯片的发展 Affymetrix公司将资助欧洲癌症芯片研究 2007/4/25/13:43 研究计划将利用芯片进行拷贝数分析、基因表达分析和染色质免疫沉淀分析和拼接模式分析。 这些研究的结果将会在今年年底由它发起的会议上公布。该公司还计划在2007年将这项研究计划拓展到日本和北美地区的研究机构。 基因芯片的原理 DNA样品制备 分别提取