消化Absorpion课件.pptVIP

Absorption ㈡. Structure basis of absorption in small intestine a. large surface area : villi, microvilli → enhance area( 200m2 ) b. chyme stays in intestine for a long time : 3-8 h c. food have been digested to smaller , absorbent products 二．Basic mechanisms of absorption ㈠. Absorption form : active transport , simple diffusion , facilitate diffusion ㈡. Passway : transepithelial pathway (transcellular pathway ) paraepithelial pathway ㈢ Various nutrients absorption 1. Water: passive , osmotic diffusion 2. Salts : Na+ → active transport, Na+-K+ pump Fe 2+ → active transport (acid ,Vt C increase absorption) Ca 2+ → active transport (H+, Vt D, fat increase absorption Negative ions : cl- , HCO3- by Na+- pump 3. Carbohydrate or saccharide : secondary active transport the contransport carrier at the luminal border bind 2 Na+ and 1 glucose 4. Protein: secondary active transport ,(transportation of amino acid is same with glucose) 5. Fat metabolism products: fatty acid , mono-glyceride , cholesterol long chain : * through formation of mixed micelles; * chylomicron ; * absorbed into lymphatic ; short chain: direct into blood . 6. Cholesterol: 1). only free cholesterol can be absorbed 2). mixed micelle→ chylomicron → lympha 3). bile salt, fat, fatty acid stimulate absorption; vegetable cholesterol inhibit absorption. * * Introduction ㈠. absorption sites: 1. mouth esophagus---none 2. stomach --- water , alcohol 3. ileum--- water, saline 4. small intestine----important sites 12指肠 空肠 回肠 结肠 水、乙醇 水、盐 Major Nutrients by small intestine absorption Water Electrolytes Na+ ，K+，Cl-，HCO3-，Ca 2+，Fe 2+，Fe 3+，Mg2+，Cu2+，PO3- ，etc. Vitamins Nutrients Carbohydrate Protein Fat * * *