托福阅读机经背景材料：凡尔登—索姆河战役.docxVIP

智课网TOEFL备考资料托福阅读机经背景材料：凡尔登—索姆河战役 摘要： 托福阅读机经背景材料：凡尔登—索姆河战役。背景知识在托福考试中发挥着重要的作用，很多考生都是通过背景知识了解托福考试的，希望小编整理的这一系列背景知识对大家能有所帮助。 KEYWORDS：生活百科 十大战役之Battle of Verdun 本文英文阅读文本内容来自于国外英文门户以及资讯资料网站，可能有超语法类的常用正确表达，请大家仔细审阅，注意甄别。 此役是典型的阵地战、消耗战，双方共投入近100万人，双方损失70多万人。由于伤亡惨重，凡尔登战场被称为“绞肉机”、“屠场”和“地狱”。这次决定性战役是第一次世界大战的转折点，德意志帝国从此逐步走向最后失败。 “大战中的大战”———凡尔登—索姆河战役 The Battle of Verdun was one of the critical battles during the First World War on the Western Front. It was fought between the German and French armies, from 21 February to 18 December 1916, on hilly terrain north of the city of Verdun-sur-Meuse in north-eastern France. The Battle of Verdun ended in a French victory since the German High Command failed to achieve its two strategic objectives: the capture of the city of Verdun and a much higher casualty count inflicted on the French adversary. As a whole, the Battle of Verdun resulted in more than a quarter of a million battlefield deaths and at least half a million wounded. Verdun was the longest battle and one of the most devastating in the First World War and more generally in human history. A total of about 40 million artillery shells were exchanged by both sides during the battle. In both France and Germany it has come to represent the horrors of war, similar to the significance of the Battle of the Somme to the United Kingdom. Major General Julian Thompson, a renowned British military historian, has referred to Verdun in the History Channel’s: 1916: Total War, as France’s Stalingrad. The Battle of Verdun popularized at the time General Robert Nivelle’s: Ils ne passeront pas (They shall not pass) addressed to his troops on 23 June 1916. At the beginning of the Battle of Verdun, on 16 April 1916, General Philippe Pétain had already issued a reassuring order of the day ending with: Courage! On les aura (Courage! We shall get them). 推荐新闻: 托福阅读机经背景材料：西班牙掀西红柿大战 托福阅读机经背景资料：十九世纪农业革命 托福阅读机经背景资料：哥本哈根峰会应对全球变暖 相关字搜索： 托福机经背景