Nutrition and gas exchange in plants 营养作用与气体交换.pptVIP

The importance of nitrogen For synthesis of proteins, chlorophyll, etc Taken in form of nitrate ions Deficiency symptoms: Little growth ( - no protein made) Yellowing of leaves ( - no chlorophyll made) The importance of magnesium Essential component of chlorophyll Deficiency symptoms: Yellowing of leaves (no chlorophyll made) Poor growth (no food manufactured because of lack of chlorophyll) Natural fertilizers From manure Organic compounds in it are decomposed by the bacteria in soil to form mineral salts Chemical fertilizers Mainly nitrogenous and phosphorous compounds manufactured artificially Leave Root Hair Stems and Roots Must Exchange CO2 and O2 also Pores in stems called lenticels allow gas exchange many cells of living stems are dead (providing strucural support only) Root can be deprived of oxygen in waterlogged soils Use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture If farmers grow many plants close together, consumption of minerals supply of minerals ? Farmers must supply additional minerals to the soil Chemical fertilizers Extension Use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture Chemical fertilizers are mixtures of the necessary minerals in the correct proportions. Proportion depends on: ? type of soil, ? type of crops grown ? stages of the crop growth Extension Use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium, magnesium and sulphur are common components of chemical fertilizers. Usually added to the soil in large quantities. Extension Use of chemical fertilizers in agriculture It means that the fertilizer contains: 25% nitrogen (N) 5% phosphorus (P) and 20% potassium (K) by weight. Extension 9.1 Application of chemical fertilizers and its environmental consequences ? About a quarter of the coral reefs (珊瑚礁) in the Great Barrier Reef (大堡礁) will be lost due to the overuse of chemical fertilizers. Try to find out more examples and suggest alternatives to chemical fertilizers. Go to Activity Book 2, p.10 9.3 How