百合鳞茎多酚氧化酶特性的分析及褐变的控制-analysis of polyphenol oxidase characteristics in lily bulb and control of browning.docx

摘要本论文对百合PPO的特性、百合贮藏中褐变度和PPO活性的变化进行了研究并筛 选出了防褐变药剂。对百合PPO的特性研究的结果表明：在10～60。C范围内PPO活性随温度的升高而 逐渐降低，在10℃和35℃活性较高。在pH3．5～7．5范围内，PPO活性在pH4．5和6．0处 分别有一个吸收高峰，但pH6．0处的PPO活性明显比pH4．5处低。随着底物浓度的增加，PPO活性呈上升趋势，当底物浓度在14mM时达饱和。随PPO添加量的不断增加，PPO活性也随之增加，酶的用量与PPO活性之问明显呈直线关系，相关系数为0．986。供试 的七种抑制剂中，NaHS03、L．半胱氨酸、偏亚硫酸钠、抗坏血酸对百合PPO活性具有 明显的抑制作用，其中以NaHS03效果最好，L．半胱氨酸次之。对百合贮藏中褐变度和PPO活性研究表明：百合鳞茎不同部位PPO活性不同，表 现为心部鳞片最高是皮部的5．45倍，中部的2．78倍，皮部鳞片PPO活性最低。低温贮 藏可延缓百合鳞片的褐变速度和PPO活性下降的速度。颗粒百合褐变程度小于鳞片百 合，在低温状态下采用颗粒百合加真空贮藏的方式可有效防止褐变。对百合防褐变试剂浓度筛选结果表明：O．5％的抗坏血酸、0．5％D．异抗坏血酸钠、 0．75％焦磷酸钠、1％的氯化钙可有效防止褐变为单药剂筛选最佳浓度。0．5％的抗坏血 酸和相同浓度的D．异抗坏血酸钠防褐变效果无显著差异，生产中可选择使用低成本的 D．异抗坏血酸钠。对防褐变配方药剂筛选表明：0．5％D一异抗坏血酸钠，O．2％柠檬酸，1．25％氯化钙 复配为防褐变配方药剂能有效地抑制鳞片百合的褐变。复配最优组合(0．5％D-异抗坏血酸钠，0．2％柠檬酸，1．25％氯化钙)与单药剂最，佳浓度相比差异达显著水平。鉴于其安全、低成本，使用方便，可在生产中推广应用。关键词：百合；多酚氧化酶；特性；褐变度；防褐变药剂Study on Properities of Polyphenoloxidase Bulbs and Control of browningin Lily(Lilium davidd Duchantrin Elues)BulbsPostgraduate：Xu ZhenSupervisiorResearcherAn Li ResearcherZhang YongmaoAbstract：By researching in the properties of PPo from lily,the browning degree during storage and PPo activities from lily,this article have stating these and also selected some anti-browning medicaments．Partial properties ofPPO from lily(Lilium davidd Duchantrin Elues)were researchedin this article．The results showed that PPo activities declined gradualIy as the temperature rising from 10 to 60C．Its activities were higher at IO。C and 35C．respectively．PPo activities had a absorbed peak at pH4．5 and pH 6．0 from pH3．0 to 7．5 respectively；howeverPPo activities of pH6．0 was lower than that of pH4．5．PPO activities increased with the increasing of concentration of catech01．When the concentration of substrate reached 14mM， PPO activities didn’t increase anymore．There were a liner-relation between additional amount of crude enzyme and PPo activities，and the relational coefficient Was 0．986．PPo activitieswere effectively inhibited by sodium sulfite anhydrous，L-cysteine，sodium pyrosulfite andascorbic acid，respecti