碑学与帖学之比较——论中国清朝书法-comparison between stele study and tiexue - on chinese qing dynasty calligraphy.docxVIP

摘要中国的书法史源远流长，自清朝开始分了碑学与帖学两个学派。为此当时很多书法理论家都作了努力，有阮元、包世臣、特别是康有为，他的著作《广艺舟双辑》作了精辟的论述。它们对清代碑学的理论和实践进行了全面、系统的总结，促进了清代书法艺术的发展和繁荣。在这之后，很多书法理论家都对碑学与帖学作过论述。为了总结前人的结论和对碑学与帖学进行更深入的理解与比较，本文查证了大量史料，阐述’厂碑学与帖学的符自特点，碑学的特点是：方正、劲健、拙朴、险峭、紧结、倔强、瘦硬；帖学的特点是天真、姿媚、圆融、潇洒、飘逸。对每一特点逐一分析并列举了其代表书法家及其作品，通过具体的比较，说明碑学与帖学都是中华民族的优秀文化传统，敦促今天的书法学刊者要各方面营养兼顾吸收。只有[这样才能真正继承和发扬中国的书法。并且，本文对康有为的《广艺舟双辑》这本书当时所处政治文化背景和康有为当时生存的状况作了具体分析：他把政治思想带进书法的转变J，，他认为应该一改书法长期奉行的儒雅之风，而大力推行北魏之风，并且具体分析了康有为为什么会有“尊碑抑帖”的论点。同时也让读者了解艺术本身就有偏激的特点，艺术家就应该打开思想的枷锁努力使艺术达到至善至美的境界。关键词：尊碑矛盾萌芽暗合探索ABSTRACTTileChinesecalligraphyhistoryisofiongstanding．Twoschools，namelySteleandRubbing,havecomeintobeingsinceQingDynasty．FromthenonmanyCalli·一graphytheoreticians，suchasRuanYuan，BaoShichengandKangYouwei，struggledforthem．Especially，KangYouweidiscussedtheschoolsincisivelyinhisliteratureGuangnZhouShuangJi．ThesetheoreticianssummarizedthetheoriesandpracticesofSteleStudyinQingDynastycomprehensivelyandsystematically,whichboostedthedevelopmentandprosperityofcalligraphyinQingDynasty．Thenlotsofcalli-graphytheoreticiansstatedSteleStudyandRubbingStudy．InordertosummarizepreviousconclusionsandunderstandandcomparetheSteleStudyandRubbingStudy，thispaperinvestigatesandverifieslotsofhistoricalmaterials，andexpatiatestheuni-quetraitsofthetwoschools．ThetraitsofSteleStudyfiresquare，powerful，plain,steep，close，hard-nosed，andtight，whilethoseofRubbingStudyaIenaive，gainly，rotund．smart,andelegant．ThispaperanalysesthetraitsonebyoneandLists(he∞·presentativecalligraphersandtheirworks．ConcretecomparisonsrevealSteleStudyandRubbingStudyarebothexcellentculturetraditionofChinesenation．NowadayscalligraphylearnersshouldabsorbthenutritionofbothschoolssoastoinheritanddevelopChinesecalligraphyindeed．Inaddition,thispaperalsoanalyzesthepolicyandculturebackgroundforGu-angnZhouShuangdiandthelivingstatusofKangYouweiconcretely．KangYouweiincorporatedpolicyideasintothechangeofcalligraphyandconsideredtheehro-nicailypursuedelegantstyleshouldbechangedandBeiWeistyleshouldbead-·-··voeated．Theauthordiscusseswh