保山植烟区三虫三病发生规律态调查.docVIP

保山植烟区三虫三病发生规律动态调查 　　摘 要 为探究保山植烟区主要病虫害的发生规律，通过对植烟区2014～2016年主要病虫害的动态监测，预测病虫害的发病高峰期。结果表明：植烟区主要病害为青枯病、黑胫病、病毒病，主要虫害为斜纹夜蛾、金龟子、烟蚜，其发生高峰期分别为青枯病（7月下旬至8月中旬）、黑胫病（8月上旬）、病毒病（7月中下旬）、斜纹夜蛾（在8月中旬）、金龟子（6月中下旬）、烟蚜（4月中旬和6月上旬）。建议结合植烟区病虫害发生规律，有针对性进行综合防控。 中国论文网 /1/viewhtm　　关键字 烟草 ；病虫害 ；发生规律 ；病情指数 　　中图分类号 S43 文献标识码 A Doi：10.12008/j.issn.1009-2196.2017.03.010 　　Survey of Dynamic Occurrence of “Three Insects， Three Diseases” 　　in Tobacco Producing Areas of Baoshan， Yunnan 　　YANG Shaojun PENG Jianqiang XIAO Zhixin LIU Rui GUO Yingcheng QIN Wei 　　（Yunnan Tobacco Co. Ltd Baoshan Branch， Baoshan， Yunnan 678000） 　　Abstract In order to investigate the occurrence regularity of main pests and diseases in tobacco-growing areas of Baoshan， Yunnan， the major pests and diseases in these tobacco-growing areas were dynamically monitored from 2014 to 2016 to forecast the peak of their occurrence. The results showed that the main diseases included bacterial wilt， black shank and virus disease， and that the main pests were Spodoptera litura， scarab beetle and Myzus persicae. The occurrence peak periods for the diseases and pests were late July to mid August for bacterial wilt， early August for black shank， mid and late July for virus disease， mid August for S. litura， mid and late July for scarab beetle， and mid April and early June for M. persicae. It is suggested that integrated management of these diseases and pests be controlled in an integrated way based on their occurrence rules in the tobacco-growing areas. 　　Keywords tobacco ； disease and pest ； occurrence regularity ； disease index 　　??草作为重要的经济作物，具有农业生产的全部属性，同样受到病虫害的危害[1]。据统计，我国一般年份因烟草病害所造成的损失占总产量的10%～15%，给烟草行业乃至国家经济造成巨大的损失[2]。烟草病虫害种类较多，目前已查明侵染性病害已有62种之多[3-4]。胡坚、李天飞等[5]在云南烟区对其烟草昆虫进行了补充调查，共发现烟草害虫天敌126种。不同地区其优势群体不同，如西南植烟区（云南）虫害优势种有烟蚜、烟青虫、小地老虎、铜绿丽金龟A.corpulenta等[6]。病害主要有病毒病（普通花叶病、马铃薯Y病毒等）、黑胫病、根黑腐病、叶斑病（野火病、赤星病等）、白粉病等。近年来，烟草科技工作者对不同地区的病虫害发生规律进行了调查研究。周慧丹等[7]指出，大理州植烟区蚜虫在4月中旬和6月上旬呈现两个迁飞高峰，黑胫病病情指数高峰出现在7月中下旬，病毒病在大田期呈现逐年升高的趋势。黄国联等[8]研究指出，烟青虫在山东植烟区一年