前胰岛素原加工.ppt

前胰岛素原的加工 蛋白质的合成是一个高耗能过程 AA活化 2个高能磷酸键（ATP） 肽链起始 1个（70S复合物形成，GTP） 进位 1个（GTP） 移位 1个（GTP） Figure 8.1 Overview: proteins that are localized post-translationally are released into the cytosol after synthesis on free ribosomes. Some have signals for targeting to organelles such as the nucleus or mitochondria. Proteins that are localized cotranslationally associate with the ER membrane during synthesis, so their ribosomes are membrane-bound. The proteins pass into the endoplasmic reticulum, along to the Golgi, and then through the plasma membran