软件开发周期Chapter2-Ryzen.docx

Chapter 2为了方便理解：均采用英文详细介绍，中文简要概括的形势。本文主要强调了软件开发的模型。--RzyenDescribe three software development life-cycle models. For each, name the main activities performed, and the inputs and outputs of each activity.For each give an example of the kind of software development project where the life-cycle model would be well-suited, and an example of where the life-cycle model would be inappropriate; explain why.描述三种软件开发生命周期模型。 对于每项活动，请列出所执行的主要活动以及每项活动的投入和产出。对于每个人来说，举例说明哪种软件开发项目非常适合生命周期模型，以及生命周期模型不适合的例子; 解释为什么。软件生命周期 同任何事物一样，一个软件产品或软件系统也要经历孕育、诞生、成长、成熟、衰亡等阶段，一般称为软件生命周期（软件生存周期）。软件生命周期模型是指人们为开发更好的软件而归纳总结的软件生命周期的典型实践参考?。waterfall modelThe waterfall model is a relatively linear sequential design approach for certain areas of engineering design. In software development, it tends to be among the less iterative and flexible approaches, as progress flows in largely one direction (downwards like a waterfall) through the phases of conception, initiation, analysis, design, construction, testing, deployment and maintenance.瀑布模型定义：强调线性顺序，主张软件开发沿着一个方向前进。像瀑布一样。:System and software requirements: captured in a product requirements documentAnalysis: resulting in models, schema, and business rulesDesign: resulting in the software architectureCoding: the development, proving, and integration of softwareTesting: the systematic discovery and debugging of defectsOperations: the installation, migration, support, and maintenance of complete systems系统和软件要求：在文件中记录产品需求。分析：产生模型，模式和业务规则设计：产生软件架构编码：在发展，证明，以及集成的软件测试：系统的发现和调试的缺陷操作：完整系统的安装，迁移，支持和维护It applies to industrial control systems and military weapon systems. A system with a fixed demand and long development cycle.它适用于工业化控制系统、军事武器系统。具有需求固定、开发周期长特点的系统。It does not apply to social software systems, e-commerce systems. The system has the characteristics of non-fixed demand, short development cycle, and fast software iteration.它不适用于社交软件系统、电子商务系统。具有需求不固定、开发周期短、软件迭代快等特点的系统。Spiral modelThe spiral model is a risk-driven /wiki/Software_development_processprocess mode