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浅埋粘土隧道注浆加固稳定性的极限研究-limit study on grouting stability of shallow clay tunnel
摘要随着世界经济的不断发展,交通运输对国民经济起到积极的促进作用,又由于土地资源的减少,隧道工程在交通基础设施建设中所占的比例越来越大。因此,隧道的安全问题在施工过程中必须考虑,其包括变形和稳定性这两个主要问题。本文探讨的是浅埋粘土隧道的稳定性问题,主要研究内容有:①通过分析相关文献资料,确定隧道稳定性的研究方法为上限法和解析解法,利用这两种方法对加固和未加固隧道进行研究,并采用小导管注浆技术对隧道进行加固,加固方案为“拱顶120°加固”。②利用上限法对加固和未加固隧道破坏机制进行优化,得到用于评价隧道临界状态的稳定性系数和在剪切强度已知的前提下隧道地表附加分布压力??S??0时的隧道临界支撑压力??T。③根据加固和未加固隧道位移公式得到纵、横向位移变化规律,绘制隧道洞周土体的位移矢量图。将加固与未加固隧道的稳定性系数、纵横向位移的变化规律和位移矢量图进行对比,总结得到小导管注浆加固提高了隧道稳定性,约束了纵横向位移的变化。④采用解析解法优化加固和未加固隧道破坏机制,即是对极坐标下的差分方程进行求积分,在已知剪切强度时得到地表附加分布压力??S??0时的隧道临界支撑压力??T,以及隧道临界状态的稳定性系数。⑤根据上述研究过程,得到加固与未加固隧道洞周土体最大沉降Sm-??T的变化规律和体积损失率VL-??T的变化规律。再将加固与未加固的隧道沉降规律和体积损失率对比可知,加固隧道的地面沉降和体积损失率都相对较小,说明超前小导管注浆加固增强了隧道稳定性。⑥将加固隧道的稳定性系数进行比较,可知上限法是最优值,解析解法是上限值,与工程实际的研究一致,说明了这两种方法的有效性。本文通过利用上限法和解析解法对隧道稳定性的求解过程进行优化,研究了隧道洞周土体沉降规律,探讨了方法的合理性,这对以后隧道稳定性和洞周土体沉降的研究也具有参考意义。关键词:隧道,极限分析上限法,超前小导管注浆加固,稳定性,解析解法ABSTRACTWiththecontinuousdevelopmentofworldeconomy,thetransportationplaysapositiveroleinpromotingthenationaleconomy,butduetothedecreaseoflandresour-ces,thetunnelengineeringintheconstructionoftransportinfrastructureintheproportionisgrowing.Therefore,thesecurityproblemisthequestionofthetunnelmustbeconsideredintheconstructionprocess,whichincludesthedeformationandstabilityofthesetwomajorissues.Thispaperistostudythestabilityofshallowclaytunnel.Themainresearchcontentsare:①Throughanalysisofrelevantliteraturetodeterminethestabilityofthetunnelastheresearchmethodofupperboundmethodandanalyticmethod,thereinforcedandunreinforcedtunnelisstudiedusingtheabovemethods,andthetunnelwasstrengthenedwithsmallpipegroutingtechnology,strengtheningschemeforthe120°domereinforcement.②Theupperboundmethodisusedtooptimizethefailuremechanismofreinforcedandunreinforcedtunneltoobtainthecriticalstatestabilitycoefficientfortheevaluationofthetunnelandtheshearstrengthoftheknownprerequisitefortunnelcriticalsupportpressuresurfaceunderadditionalpressuredistribution??S??0.③Accordingtothereinforcedandunreinforcedunneldisplacementformulagetverticalandhorizontaldisplacementvariationanddrawthedisplacementvectorpictureo
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