三峡澎溪河水—气界面co2 ch4通量时空特征与影响因素研究-temporal and spatial characteristics and influencing factors of co2 and ch4 fluxes at pengxi river - gas interface in the three gorges.docx

PAGE PAGE IV III III 3）澎溪河作为河流型水库自身存在着“河流区——过渡区上部——过渡区下 部”的内部空间梯度变化；三峡水库的调度运行从外部强化了上述空间区域的转 变。以生源要素为基础的生态系统在二者的共同作用下对水-气界面温室气体产生 直接影响，从而在纵向各区段呈现出差异性的季节变化特征。 ③ 在大的空间尺度上，从碳通量水平、气候气象条件、生源要素特征、受淹 区域土壤背景与污染负荷等四个方面，对三峡水库“常年回水区”的澎溪河和“变 动回水区”的龙溪河两条典型支流流域的 CO2、CH4 通量水平进行了比较研究。研 究发现，龙溪河回水区的 CO2 年均通量为 7.30±1.89mmol/(m2·h)，比澎溪河回水区 （双江点）高出一个数量级，而 CH4 年均通量值为 0.11±0.095mmol/(m2·h)，更是 高两个数量级。龙溪河年内温室气体、环境要素的季节变化也更剧烈。空间的差 异导致生境条件和水域生态系统存在较大差别，浮游植物固碳能力和流域污染负 荷的差异是龙溪河、澎溪河 CO2 通量水平和季节变化过程呈现差异的主要因素。 关键词：三峡水库，澎溪河，CO2，CH4，水-气界面通量，龙溪河 本学位论文的研究工作在国家“973”专题（2010CB95504-04）、国家“十一 五”重大水专项专题（ 2008ZX07104-005-004-001 ）、国家自然科学基金项目 以及重庆大学中央高校基本科研业务费科研专项“研究生科技创新 基金”项目（CDJXS10 12 11 45）资助下完成，在此对提供经费资助的机构表示 感谢。 ABSTRACT Intercepting the rivers caused by daming was one of the most significant events which influence the river ecological environment. As a result, the hydrological situation adjustment will significantly change the river’s ecological system structure and function.In some of the reservoir reactions, greenhouse gas problem has been paid great attention globally.The study took the Pengxi River-a typical tributary in the Three Gorges Reservoir as the main research object. Through a long-term field monitoring, basing on the comparison of water-air interfaces greenhouse gas flux characteristics in different space and time interval, combining the analyzing on the water ecological characteristics under the reservoir operation，the research will identify the temporal and spatial change features and the influence factors of CO2 and CH4 diffusive flux. The research acquired the main results as follows: ① In the impoundment from 2003 to 2010, typical years(2004,2006,2008,2010） were chosen. Under the large time scale, the variations and influencing factors of water-air CO2 flux in the process of Three Gorges Reservoir’s impoundment was analyzed. It shows that, since 2003, the overall level of p(CO2) and FCO2 in Pengxi River backwater area presented a rising trend with wider range . With th