石家庄市“十一五”期间环境空气质量变化趋势分析及预测分析-trend analysis and forecast analysis of ambient air quality during the 11th five-year plan period in shijiazhuang city.docxVIP

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石家庄市“十一五”期间环境空气质量变化趋势分析及预测分析-trend analysis and forecast analysis of ambient air quality during the 11th five-year plan period in shijiazhuang city.docx

石家庄市“十一五”期间环境空气质量变化趋势分析及预测分析-trend analysis and forecast analysis of ambient air quality during the 11th five-year plan period in shijiazhuang city

摘 摘 要 I I 摘 要 近年来石家庄市的经济和社会都得到了飞速发展,但随之而来的是环境状况越 来越差,尤其是居住区空气质量污染已经成为人们备受关注的环境污染问题之一。 对城市环境空气质量进行科学的评价以及做出有效的预测,具有非常重要的意义。 本文依据“十一五”期间石家庄市大气环境质量监测数据,结合环境空气污染 指数法(API)、环境空气综合污染指数法、主要污染物污染物浓度评价法、污染变化 趋势的定量分析方法-秩相关系数法等方法,对石家庄市“十一五”期间的环境空气 质量状况及其变化趋势做了深入分析。分析结果表明:可吸入颗粒物浓度呈波动性 变化,二氧化硫浓度有上升趋势,二氧化氮浓度基本稳定。城市大气污染特征由“煤 烟型”污染向“复合型”污染转变。环境空气污染时空变化特征明显,年内污染物 浓度有明显的季节性分布特征,采暖期可吸入颗粒物、二氧化硫浓度大于非采暖期。 主要污染物在城市空间上的分布特征显著,二氧化硫、二氧化氮的污染程度市区高 于郊区,而可吸入颗粒物的污染程度则表现为郊区略高于市区。 依据石家庄市 2006~2012 年的可吸入颗粒物、二氧化硫和二氧化氮 3 项主要大 气污染物的监测数据,运用灰色系统理论,建立 GM(1,1)模型,对石家庄市区“十二 五”期间的环境空气质量进行了预测研究。预测结果显示:可吸入颗粒物、二氧化 硫、二氧化氮浓度均呈现上升趋势,但可吸入颗粒物、二氧化氮浓度变化趋势不显 著。 根据石家庄市“十一五”期间环境空气质量状况和上述预测结果,结合自然环 境条件、城市空间布局、城市产业结构、城市能源结构、城市集中供热、城市二次 扬尘等问题分析大气污染的主要原因,并提出了在不利气象条件下的应急措施、进 一步优化产业布局、调整燃煤电厂及集中供热站布局、强化工业污染防治确保稳定 达标排放、综合整治开放源控制扬尘污染等对策建议。 关键词 可吸入颗粒物;二氧化硫;二氧化氮;环境空气质量;变化趋势;预测; 污染成因;对策建议 河北科 河北科技大学硕士学位论文 II II Abstract In recent years unceasingly developed along with the Shijiazhuang city social economy,the urban environment contamination concern is day by day serious,the city atmospheric environment pollution already became the people to prepare one of environmental pollution questions which paid attention. Carries on the science to the city atmospheric environment quality the appraisal as well as makes the effective forecast,has very important significance. In this paper, based on the environmental air quality during the period of 11th five-year plan Shijiazhuang city monitoring data.Union ambient air pollution exponential method (API), Ambient air synthesis pollution exponential method, In Shijiazhuang city during the period of 11th five-year plan status and change trend of air environmental quality made in-depth analysis. The analysis results show that, Three main pollutant concentration change in volatility. City air pollution characteristics by Coal ashpollution to thecompound pollution. Ambient air pollution temporal variation trend is obvious, Pollutant concentration has obvious seasonal distribution, Heating time PM10 and

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