条纹管激光雷达成像技术分析-analysis of streak tube laser radar imaging technology.docx

哈尔滨工业大学工学博士学位论文 哈尔滨工业大学工学博士学位论文 Ab Abstract - - PAGE VIII - 力。 （3）对进一步提高条纹管激光成像雷达的空间分辨力和距离分辨力进行深入 研究。通过理论分析、模拟计算和实验测试，证明压缩发射光束是提高空间分辨 力方案中比较适合的方法。针对条纹管激光雷达，提出一种图像处理算法。该算 法以 Hough 变换算法为基础，引入了波形优化采样技术，降低噪声干扰，在参数 空间中优选参数曲线，降低消耗。该算法在不改变成像设备的条件下，较原算法 提高雷达系统的距离分辨力 5~20 倍，同时大幅降低资源消耗，其运行耗时仅为 高斯曲线拟合方法的 1/10。 （4）在对各种条纹管激光雷达深入分析后，设计一种无外加狭缝，包含多对 偏转电场的条纹管。这种条纹管去除光电阴极前的狭缝和光纤变换器等光线约束 装置，充分利用光电阴极的面积，提高目标信息收集效率，保留光电阴极的空间 分辨力；条纹管内部偏转电场轮流工作，使带有目标信息的光电子在多方向上偏 转。通过对成像过程的分析，发现了“时间空间交叠”现象，并提出了克服这种 现象的处理方法，获得了目标强度距离信息。通过模拟仿真，得到了不同类型的 几种目标的强度像和距离像，据此确定所采用的成像和处理方案是有效的。分析 了这种条纹管的空间分辨力、距离分辨力和成像范围等关键参数。 关键词：激光雷达；条纹管激光雷达；多偏转场条纹管；激光雷达方程；空间分 辨力；距离分辨力 Abstract Streak tube imaging lidar(STIL) is a new concept imaging lidar emerged at the end of the last century. It has the technical advantages of large field of view and high frame rate, by comparing with traditional spot-scanning lidar. It is an efficient technique to obtain intensity and range information of the target. Many STILs, such as Single-slit, Multi-slit and polarization, have been fabricated during these years. Foreign research institutions have successfully applied this technique in mine detection, fish protection and topographic mapping. Their researches showed broad possibilities of STIL. Some domestic institutes commenced the study in this field when realized the significant value of STIL. There is little STIL system design or property analyzing reported so far. This paper focuses on the involved scientific problems in lidar system design and imaging property analyzing. This article proposes a streak tube lidar range equation, then studies the energy reduction in the air of 532nm laser, analyzes the influence of the air in imaging result, presents an efficient measurement of target reflectance. This article also studies the spatial resolution constraint in STIL, proposes an image processing method in increasing the range resolution, designs and set a STIL system, finally, designs a new concept STIL. The main contents of this paper in