稀少控制点条件下高分辨率卫星数据的精确定位方法分析-analysis of precise positioning method for high resolution satellite data with few control points.docxVIP

山东科技大学硕士学位论文摘要 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 摘要 摘 要 传统卫星遥感影像几何纠正主要依靠选取大量均匀分布的地面控制点采用多项式 拟合的方法进行。然而，对于幅员辽阔、地形复杂的我国而言由于大面积沙漠、海洋的 存在，地面控制点的获取往往存在难度。因而，相比之下稀少控制点条件下的定位技术 研究更具有实际意义。 本文针对高分辨率卫星影像的图像纠正原理、方法以及卫星的单片定位模型进行了 系统性的研究。针对 SPOT-5 和 IRS-P5 数据以严格成像模型和有理函数模型的定位理 论为基础开展了大量实验，在对实验结果客观分析的基础上进行了改进实验并得到满足 实际应用的结果。论文主要工作在于： 1、从国内外高分辨率影像定位模型的研究现状出发，介绍了严格成像模型和有理 函数模型的定位原理。 2、对 SPOT-5 DIMAP 文件中卫星星历数据、姿态数据的变化规律进行了可视化分 析，并在此基础上实验了无控制点和稀少控制点条件下的单片定位实验，讨论了 DEM （Digital Elevation Model）数据和控制点质量对定位精度的影响。 3、在对 IRS-P5 RPC（Rational Polynomial Coefficients）参数文件解析的基础上， 基于有理函数反解模型实现了无控制点条件下的单片定位和精度分析。针对实验结果中 存在的较强的系统误差这一事实，设计了“RPC+物方补偿”的优化方案，并通过实验得 出在稀少控制点和 DEM 数据支持下其单片定位精度符合制图标准的结论。 关键词：高分辨率卫星影像，稀少控制点，单片定位，严格成像模型，有理函数模 型，DEM Abstract The traditional geometric correction methods for Remote Sensing image mainly depend on plenty of well distribution ground control points (GCPs) acquisition which is used for polynomial fitting. Whereas, the GCP measurement has been become much more difficult in our country not only because of the massive land and complex terrain, but also the existence of desert and ocean with large area. Therefore, the positioning technology that relies on lack points has a better potential than traditional methods. The theory and methodology of geometric correction and positioning model with single high resolution satellite image are focused on and studied systematically. Separately, SPOT-5 data and IRS-P5 data are hired for lots of tests during the research which based on Rigorous Sensor Model and Rational Function Model. On the basis of objective analysis of those tests, the improved tests are proposed whose results can satisfy the need of actual application. The mainly work of this article has following aspects: 1、On the basis of research situation on positioning models of high resolution satellite at home and abroad, the theories of Rigorous Sensor Model and Rational Function Model are introduced. 2、Based on the Visualization and analysis about the law of ephemeris data and attitude da