我国自由式滑雪雪上技巧运动员的记忆动觉表象能力分析-analysis of memory, kinesthetic and imagery ability of freestyle snowboarders in china.docxVIP

我国自 我国自由式滑雪雪上技巧运动员的记忆 动觉 表象能力研究 哈尔滨 哈尔滨工程大学研究生学位论文 摘 要 自由式滑雪雪上技巧项目在 2006 年引入我国，开展时间不长，但发展速度较快并 已获得参加国际比赛的资格，尽管如此，也存在着项目基础较差、运动员素质和训练水 平等与冬季运动强国相比尚有较大差距等一些客观事实。本文通过问卷调查以及心理测 量仪器获得数据，主要使用方差分析法、回归分析法等对我国雪上技巧项目运动员的记 忆能力、动觉能力与表象能力特点进行研究，探索优秀雪上技巧运动员的身体形态和心 理特点及运动员心理能力与运动成绩的关系，为我国雪上技巧运动员的选材和训练提供 科学依据，促进雪上技巧项目的发展。 本研究选取 7 名国家队运动员和 17 名地方队运动员作为实验参与者，比较他们的 记忆、动觉与表象能力在性别、年龄、运动年限和水平上的差异，并探讨了这三者在技 能形成中的作用，以及记忆、动觉和表象对运动员运动成绩的影响。研究结果表明： （1）不同性别、年龄、运动年限和水平的运动员短时记忆能力无显著性差异，雪 上技巧运动员不同训练年限短时记忆能力不存在显著性差异；手肘动觉能力在性别、运 动年限以及运动水平上存在显著性差异，手腕动觉能力在年龄以及运动年限上存在显著 性差异；表象在年龄、运动年限上存在显著性差异； （2）雪上技巧运动员的空间位置记忆能力与动作表象能力呈显著性偏相关关系； （3）视觉表象能力以及手腕动觉小角度方位辨别能力可以作为选拔雪上技巧运动 员的参考指标。 关键词：雪上技巧；记忆能力；动觉能力；表象能力 ABSTRACT Freestyle skiing moguls project was in 2006 introduced in China, development time is not long, but development rate is rapidder and have access to participate in international competition, however, also exist in project based on poor quality and training level of athletes, and winter sports powerful nation still has a larger gap compared with some objective facts. By using the questionnaire survey and psychological measurement apparatus to obtain data, and multivariate variance analysis, this paper studies Chinas moguls athletes memory, kinesthetic and imagery ability, exploration of excellent snow skiers morphology and psychological characteristics, for our country the moguls of selection and training of athletes to provide a basis, promote the moguls of project development. 7 national team players and 17 local players participated in the research, compared them in memory, kinesthetic and imagery ability in gender, age, training years and level differences, and discussed the skills in the form of the relationship between the three, as well as the effect of memory, kinesthetic and visual imagery on the athletes achievement. Research results show that: There was no difference between gender, age, training years and levels of the athletes in Short-term memory capacity, the same as snow skiers of diffe