我国商业银行外汇风险管理研究——基于人民币升值背景下的分析-research on foreign exchange risk management of chinas commercial banks - based on the analysis under the background of rmb appreciation.docxVIP
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我国商业银行外汇风险管理研究——基于人民币升值背景下的分析-research on foreign exchange risk management of chinas commercial banks - based on the analysis under the background of rmb appreciation
首都经济贸易大学硕士论文我国商业银行外汇风险管理研究——基于人民币升值背景下的分析
首都经济贸易大学硕士论文
我国商业银行外汇风险管理研究——基于人民币升值背景下的分析
摘 要
上世纪 70 年代以来,随着布雷顿森林体系的瓦解,世界经济和金融环境向 更加自由化的方向发展。各国纷纷放松金融管制,金融风险加大,汇率也出现了 前所未有的波动。纵观我国外汇制度的发展,经历了管理浮动制、盯住单一美元、 盯住一篮子货币、计划时期的双轨制和盯住美元的管理浮动制度。自 2005 年 7 月下旬起,我国进行了汇率改革,人民币汇率在以市场供求为基础的前提下,参 考一篮子货币进行调节,这种有管理的浮动汇率制使得人民币汇率更加富有弹 性。2006 年 6 月初,我国又进行了汇率的二次改革,人民币汇率的弹性进一步 加大。这一方面给商业银行带来了机遇,另一方面又使商业银行暴露在更大的风 险之中,给商业银行的风险管理带来了更大的挑战。
伴随着我国外汇体制的改革和金融体系的不断开放,人民币汇率水平成为国 内外关注的焦点,在内压和外压之下,人民币出现了大幅升值的趋势。倘若管理 不善,银行将会面临倒闭的风险,甚至导致整个金融系统的紊乱。尤其是当前, 各国金融体系出现高度的相关性,汇率的走势更是变幻莫测,外汇风险也日益复 杂化。因而,我国商业银行应如何应对外汇风险的研究迫在眉睫。
本文在系统的运用经济学、管理学、数理统计学等相关理论以及有关软件的 基础上,围绕我国商业银行外汇风险管理机制的优化与完善这一中心命题,在当 前我国人民币不断升值的特殊背景下,从我国商业银行外汇风险的现状与存在的 主要问题出发,重点研究人民币汇率升值所产生的负面影响即可能风险,在充分 吸收和借鉴国外其它国家外汇风险防范的成功做法和先进经验的前提下,提出构 建我国商业银行外汇风险管理机制的整体思路和初步构想,并就我国商业银行外 汇风险防范体制的建设和完善提出相应管理措施和建议。
关键词:人民币升值 外汇风险 商业银行
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ABSTRACT
The late 70s of the 20th century, as The Bretton Woods System collapsed, the global economical and financial environment were more and more liberalized. Many countries turned to financial deregulation, thus the exchange risk was greater. Throughout the development of exchange rate system, China has experienced management floating system, pegged to the dollar, pegged to a basket of currencies, double-track pricing system during the planned economy and the management floating system based on dollar. On July 21th 2005, China began to implement a market-based, with reference to a basket of currencies, managed floating exchange rate system. With the fluctuation of the rate, on the one hand, it has brought opportunities to the commercial banks, on the other hand, frequent and more significant exchange rate fluctuations also exposure to risk which has brought a greater challenge to the management of commercial banks’ exchange rate risk.
Along with the reforming of the exchange rate system and the opening up of the financial system, the exchange rate risk becomes an important topic that both the domestic and overseas focus on. Nowada
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