BIM在发达国家应用分析.doc

BIM在发达国家应用分析 　　摘要：当前，BIM（Building Information Modeling）被业界广泛关注，分析各发达国家BIM应用情况对我国推广应用BIM具有重要参考价值。文章从政府部门、学术界、产业界三方面，分析了美、日、新加坡等发达国家BIM应用情况。分析表明，各发达国家政府对BIM高度重视，采取一系列措施保证BIM计划的实施；在学术界，BIM应用主要体现在三方面：BIM相关协会组织、BIM相关教育与研究、BIM相关科研项目；在产业界，各发达国家在努力引进BIM先进技术的同时，也积极的研发适用于本国的BIM技术。 　　关键字：BIM技术；发达国家；建筑业；分析 　　中图分类号： TU17 文献标志码：A 　　 　　Analysis of BIM application in developed countries 　　ZHANG Xue 　　(School of civil engineering and architecture, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212003, China) 　　 　　Abstract: Currently, the BIM (Building Information Modeling) is widespread concerned in the construction industry, so it is important to analyze the BIM application in developed countries, that’s a great reference for China. The article analyzed the BIM application in America, Japan, and Singapore from government, academia and industry. Analysis shows that this governments attach great importance to BIM, and take a series of measures to ensure the BIM implementation; In the academic, BIM applications mainly in three aspects: associations, education and research; In the industry, the developed countries in their efforts to introduce BIM, at the same time, they positive develop the BIM suited to them. 　　Key words: BIM; developed countries; the construction industry; analysis 　　0 引言 　　当前，BIM（Building Information Modeling）成为建筑业界讨论的热点。作为建筑行业的一颗新星， BIM（Building Information Modeling，建筑信息模型）是指一种基于数字化和可视化技术，管理建设项目信息和更好的指导建设项目建设的方法。BIM思想最早出现在20世纪70年代，到目前为止，BIM被赋予了各种概念，但还没有形成一个统一规范的定义。美国国家BIM标准将BIM定义为：BIM是设施的物理特性和功能特性的数字表示，它是一个共享的知识资源，是为设施全生命周期中所有的决策提供可靠支撑的源泉。[1] （A building information model (BIM) is a digital representation of physical and functional characteristics of a facility. As such it serves as a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle from inception onward.）。BIM是模型，也是利用数字模型指导建设项目建设管理的过程，但归根结底是一种利用信息进行管理的过程。 　　BIM的出现势必会带来建筑业自AUTOCAD之后一轮新的革命，它的应用将会改变建设项目各参与方的协作方式。许多国家