ELISA法和RT―PCR法在麻疹病毒检测中应用对比.docVIP

ELISA法和RT―PCR法在麻疹病毒检测中应用对比 　　【摘要】 目的：对比分析酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）法和实时荧光定量PCR（RT-PCR）法在麻疹病毒检测中的应用。方法：由本市各医院采集并送至本中心接受麻疹病毒检测的50例疑似麻疹患者为研究对象，所有患者标本均采用ELISA法和RT-PCR法进行麻疹病毒检测。对比两种检测方式在不同出疹时间段所取标本的阳性率、检测水平。结果：在50例疑似麻疹患者中，ELISA法检测麻疹病毒IgM抗体阳性22例，IgM抗体阴性28例，阳性率为44.00%；RT-PCR法检测，麻疹病毒IgM抗体阳性26例，IgM抗体阴性24例，阳性率为52.00%，两种检测方式阳性率比较，差异无统计学意义（P0.05）。患者出疹第1天收集的标本，采用ELISA法检测阳性率为60.00%，采用RT-PCR法检测阳性率为80.00%。随着患者采样时间不断改变，两种检测方式的阳性率均逐渐降低，两种方法检测的阳性率比较，差异均无统计学意义（P0.05）。50例麻疹疑似患者同一时间段采集血清和咽拭子标本，24例患有免疫史，不伴随有免疫史亦或者是不详的共26例。结论：RT-PCR法适用于出疹时间在2 d之内疑似麻疹患者的临床诊断中，而ELISA法则适合使用在出疹时间在2 d或以上疑似麻疹患者的临床检测中。 　　【关键词】 酶联免疫吸附试验法； 实时荧光定量PCR法； 麻疹病毒 　　【Abstract】 Objective：To observe and compare the application of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR（RT-PCR） in the detection of measles virus.Method：Fifty patients collected from hospitals in our city and sent to our center for measles virus test were selected as research objects，all patients were tested for measles virus by ELISA and RT-PCR.Compared the positive rate and the level of the specimens taken by the two methods at different rash time.Result：A total of 22 cases of measles were positive for measles virus and 28 cases were negative for measles virus，the positive rate was 44.00%.In total，26 cases of measles virus IgM antibody，24 cases of negative measles virus IgM antibody，the positive rate was 52.00%.There was no significant difference in the positive rate of the two detection methods（P0.05）.When the samples were collected on the first day of the test by ELISA，the positive rate was 60.00%，when the specimens collected on the first day of the test were detected by RT-PCR，the positive rate was 80.00%.With the continuous change of sampling time，the positive rates of the two test methods decreased gradually，there were no significant differences in the positive rate of the two methods（P0.05）.Serum and throat swab samples were collected in the same period of 50 suspected cases of measles，24 cases had a history of immun