不同储藏条件和高温处理对碎米荠种子萌发特性影响.docVIP

不同储藏条件和高温处理对碎米荠种子萌发特性的影响 　　摘要：碎米荠为多功能野生草本植物，具有重要应用价值和生态影响。通过不同条件储藏、不同时间高温处理后的萌发试验研究碎米荠种子的萌发特性。结果表明，种子是碎米荠生活史的关键阶段，其种子多而小，靠角果弹裂进行散布。刚采集的种子需要较长时间完成萌发，低温和冷冻储藏后种子最早萌发日期相似，但萌发整齐度提高，表明碎米荠种子存在一定程度休眠。储藏导致发芽率不同程度降低（7.61%～100.00%），低温（5 ℃）和冷冻（-20 ℃）条件有利于碎米荠种子保存；-20 ℃保存种子的发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数均优于5 ℃条件，特别是储藏半年后（P0.05）。自然状态土壤埋藏的种子发芽率较高，室温密封保存会导致碎米荠种子活力丧失。高温处理显著降低了碎米荠种子的发芽率（P0.05），但不同高温和处理时间的种子萌发情况相近；与对照相比，高温处理后仍有超过50%的种子正常发芽。种子数量多、活力稳定及对不同温度较强的耐受性是碎米荠适应环境的重要特性。 　　关键词：碎米荠；储藏方式；高温处理；发芽率 　　中图分类号：Q948.11；S647 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1003-935X（2017）02-023-06 　　Effects of Storage Conditions and High Temperature Treatment on Germination of Cardamine hirsute L. Seeds 　　CHEN Fa-jun1，2， XIAN Xiao-hua1， HU Yan-qiu1， YANG Yang1， WEN Yan1， YANG Qing-qing1， QI Ze-min1，2 　　（1.College of Life Sciences，NeijiangNormalUniversity，Neijiang 641100，China；2.Key Laboratory of Regional Characteristic 　　Agricultural Resources，Department of Education，Sichuan，Neijiang 641100，China） 　　Abstract：Cardamine hirsute L.is muti-functional wild herbaceous plant with significant value for application and ecological impacts. Seed germination was studied by control experiments after the seeds kept under different storage condition and temperature. There were large number of small seeds produced by individuals，and explosive seed dispersal was observed in the plants. Seed initially collected required a long time to germinate；germination beganat similar time after low temperature and freezing storage，but the treatments improved germination uniformity. This indicated the seeds were at least partialy dormant. The germination rate（GR） decreased（7.61%-100%） during storage，low temperature（5 ℃） and freezing（-20 ℃） could effectively keep the seeds viable. The germination rate，germination power（GP） and germination index（GI） of seeds stored at -20 ℃ were better than those of seeds kept at 5 ℃，especially in half year （P0.05）. Seeds in natural soil had high germination rate，while seeds sealed at room temperature lost their viability. High tempe