体育分层分类教学必要性与实施策略.docVIP

体育分层分类教学的必要性与实施策略 　　摘要：对体育分层分类教学的必要性和实施策略进行研究。体育分层分类教学的必要性主要体现在体育课程改革、提高教学质量、体育教育的相对公平、个人和群体间的体质健康差异、终身体育基础的奠定等需要。实施分层分类教学存在诸多困难，主要表现在大班额、小场地、兼职教师多、课堂时间有限等方面。有效实施分层分类教学需要从明确“层级目标”、建立“评价体系”、相对“学法指导”、全面“学情分析”、选择“自主学练”等方面着手。 　　关键词：学校体育；分层分类体育教学；个体差异 　　中图分类号：G807.0文献标志码：A文章编号：1006-7116(2014)04-0098-03 　　 　　Necessity of and implementation strategies for layered and 　　categorized physical education teaching 　　ZHANG Qiang1，ZHANG Yu-chen2 　　（1.Department of Physical Education，Henan University，Kaifeng 475001，China； 　　2.Chengdu Institute of Physical Education，Chengdu 610041，China) 　　 　　Abstract: The authors studied the necessity of and implementation measures for layered and categorized physical education teaching. The necessity of layered and categories physical education teaching mainly embodies in the needs for physical education curriculum reform, teaching quality enhancement, relative fairness of physical education, differences in physical health between individuals and groups, lifetime sports foundation establishment etc. In implementing layered and categorized teaching, there are a lot of difficulties, which mainly show in such aspects as big classes, small playgrounds, too many part-time teachers, limited classroom time etc. Effectively implementing layered and categorized teaching needs to be started with the followings: specify “layer objectives”; establish an “evaluation system”, relative “learning method guidance” and comprehensive “learning condition analysis”; choose “independent learning and training” etc. 　　Key words: school physical education；layered and categorized physical education teaching；individual difference 　　 　　 　　体育分层分类教学包含两层含义，分层教学是在教学进程中针对学生不同的个性特征、知识基础和接受能力等，设计多层次的教学目标，并采用有一定区别的教学方法与手段等，以促进不同层次学生都得到应有发展的教学。分类教学是根据学生不同的兴趣爱好、年龄特点、性别差异等，选择不同的教学内容，以促进不同特点和需求的学生掌握各自喜爱的运动技能的教学。分层分类教学符合从实际出发的教学原则，有利于因材施教。分层分类教学还有利于学生消除由于运动水平的差异造成的心理压力和挫败感，使学生在练习时能够充分发挥自己的潜能，树立自信心等。但目前对体育分层分类教学相关问题的研究少见。因此，有必要加强体育分层分类教学的研究。 　　 　　1体育分层分类教学的必要性 　　1.1体育新课