基于人际和组织生态子系统青少年校内课外身体活动影响因素研究.docVIP

基于人际和组织生态子系统青少年校内课外身体活动影响因素研究 　　摘 要：为促进青少年参与形式多样、可自由支配的校内课外身体活动，在前期研究结果基础上，从社会支持和学校环境、政策2个反映社会生态模型人际、组织生态子系统的因素入手，就其对青少年参与校内课外身体活动的影响进行分析。使用经修订、检验的问卷，随机抽取800名七至九年级初中生为研究对象进行问卷调查的结果发现：1）父母社会支持对青少年参与校内课外身体活动的影响非常显著大于兄弟姐妹、亲戚（F=37.55，P0.05），但年级差异非常显著（F=13.08，P0.05），但年级差异非常显著（F=11.93，P0.05；F=19.63，P0.01）；3）回归分析显示，学校环境、政策（β=0.15，P0.01）和教师社会支持（β=0.11，P0.05）能够解释、预测初中生的校内课外身体活动。班主任、体育教师的社会支持和学校环境、政策有决定性影响作用，为后续干预实验探明方向。 　　关键词：青少年；社会支持；学校环境政策；干预；锻炼 　　中图分类号：G 804.8 文章编号：1009-783X（2017）03-0259-06 文献标识码：A 　　Abstract： The purpose of this study was to explore the determinants of adolescents in-school extracurricular physical activities based on interpersonal and organizational level factors of the social ecological model. Eight hundred middle school students were recruited and completed social support， school environment and policy scales and 3 days physical activity recall according to the pilot study results， the psychometric adequacy of measures were acceptable. The research results showed that 1） Social support from parents for adolescents to participate in in-school extracurricular physical activity were significantly greater than the influence of the brothers and sisters， relatives （F=37.55， P0.05）， however， the grades difference were not （F=13.08，P0.05）， however， the grades difference were not （F=11.93，P0.01）. The influence of school environment and policy were as above （t=0.95， p 0.05； F=19.63，P0.01）. 3） Regression analysis showed that school environment and policy （β=0.15，P0.01） and social support from teachers （β=0.11，P0.05） significantly influenced adolescents in-school extracurricular physical activity. The social support of teacher in charge， physical education teacher and school environment and policy were determinants of adolescents in-school extracurricular physical activity， which explored the future intervention study direction. 　　Keywords： adolescents； social support； school policy and environment； intervention； exercise 　　世界?l生组织明确指出，身体活动①不足是一个主要的公共卫生问题[