基于农户视角耕地景观格局研究.docVIP

基于农户视角耕地景观格局研究 　　摘要 为掌握农户层面的土地利用现状，基于农用地承包经营权确权成果，采用景观格局指数，从斑块规模、斑块形状以及斑块整体特征3个层面研究分析广东省清远市阳山县七拱镇耕地景观格局。研究结果表明：①阳山县七拱镇农户拥有的耕地斑块数量普遍较少，绝大多数仅有一块，且斑块面积较小，耕地权属过于分散；②农户分散经营下的耕地形状较为规整，权属界线清晰，耕地规模经营的自然潜力较大；③农户间的耕地斑块边缘长度较长，破碎度较高，不利于农业机械化经营。为此，从土地整理、流转经营、规划布局以及农业基础设施建设等方面提出改善耕地经营的对策。 　　关键词 耕地；景观格局；确权；广东阳山；七拱镇 　　中图分类号 F301.21 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2015）10-0346-02 　　Study on Cultivated Landscape Pattern Based on Household′s Perspective 　　CHENG Ying-xuan 　　（College of Public Management，South China Agricultural University，Guangzhou Guangdong 510640） 　　Abstract In order to grasp the present situation of land use on the level of farmers，this paper used landscape pattern index to study the landscape pattern of farmland from the patch size，patch shape and plaque integral features three aspects based on the results of agricultural land contracted management right verification in Qigong Town，Yangshan County，Qingyuan City，Guangdong Province.The results showed that firstly，the cultivated land ownership was too fragmented because the quantity and the area of cultivated land were less. Besides，the cultivated land shape was neat and the ownership boundaries were clear under the decentralized management，so the potential of cultivated land scale operation was large.Thirdly，It was not conducive to the operation of agricultural mechanization as the longer plaque edge length and higher fragmentation.Therefore，this paper put forward some countermeasures to improve land management，such as land consolidation，circulation management，planning and layout，and agricultural infrastructure construction. 　　Key words cultivated land；landscape pattern；right verification；Yangshan Guangdong；Qigong Town 　　目前，农用地利用普遍存在农户土地经营规模较小、生产效益低下、农村土地产权界限模糊不清、宅基地侵占优质耕地等一系列问题[1]，不仅容易造成土地资源的浪费，而且不便于土地的规模化经营。2013年《中共中央 国务院关于加快发展现代农业 进一步增强农村发展活力的若干意见》出台，要求努力提高农户集约经营水平，按照规模化、专业化、标准化发展要求，引导农村土地承包经营权有序流转。结合耕地基本建设，鼓励农民采取互利互换方式，解决承包地块细碎化问题。2015年农业部等联合出台《关于认真做好农村土地承包经营权确权登记颁证工作的意见》，要求通过确权登记颁证，解决好承包地块面积不准、四至不清、空间位置不明、登记簿不健