P300BCI视觉刺激白灰闪烁矩阵的比较英文毕业论文.doc

Visual stimuli for the P300 BCI: A Comparison of white/gray flicker matrices and flashing famous faces Abstract Currently, the event-related potential (ERP)-based spelling device, often referred to as P300-Speller, is the most commonly used brain–computer interface (BCI) for enhancing communication of patients with impaired speech or motor function. Among numerous improvements, a most central feature has received little attention, namely optimizing the stimulus used for eliciting ERPs. The white/gray (WG) flicker matrix has been used as a visual stimulus for the so-called P300 brain–computer interface (BCI), but the white/gray flash stimuli might induce discomfort. Therefore we compared P300-Speller performance with the standard stimulus (flashing famous faces) against performance with stimuli known for eliciting particularly strong ERPs due to their psychological salience, i.e. flashing familiar faces (FF) transparently superimposed on characters. Our results not only indicate remarkably increased ERPs in response to familiar faces but also improved P300-Speller performance due to a significant reduction of stimulus sequences needed for correct character classification. Key words: P300-Speller ERP BCI WG FF Introduction Brain–computer interface (BCI) or brain–machine interface (BMI) is a new interface technology that utilizes neurophysiological signals from the brain to control external computers or ma-chines (Birbaumer, 2006; Birbaumer and Cohen, 2007). One research approach to BCI utilizes neurophysiological signals such as the neuronal ?ring that is emitted directly from a single cell; this approach can be categorized as invasive BCI. The other approach utilizes neurophysiological signals from the brain accessed in the absence of surgery; this is called non-invasive BCI. Electroencephalography (EEG), a technique for recording neurophysiological signals using electrodes placed on the scalp, represents the primary non-invasive methodology for studying BCI. E