泰安气候条件对‘黄金芽’茶树新梢呈色及生化成分影响.docVIP

泰安气候条件对‘黄金芽’茶树新梢呈色及生化成分影响 　　摘要：统计分析泰安市2016年4―9月份光照强度、空气温度、空气湿度等气候因子，同时观测‘黄金芽’茶树不同时期一芽二叶新梢叶色情况，测定其叶绿素及主要品质生化成分（水浸出物、茶多酚、儿茶素、氨基酸、咖啡碱、可溶性糖）含量。结果表明：（1）泰安市具有明显的“雨热同季，光温同步”的气候特点；（2）‘黄金芽’茶树新梢呈色与色素含量随气候条件发生相应的变化，7月份光照最强时，叶色最黄，叶绿素含量最低；（3）茶树新梢中水浸出物、茶多酚、儿茶素含量在试验期间逐月上升，氨基酸、咖啡碱含量则逐月下降，而可溶性糖含量变化规律不明显。因此，在泰安市气候条件下可保持‘黄金芽’茶树新梢黄化和高氨低酚的优异品种特性，适宜引种。 　　关键词：气候条件；茶树；‘黄金芽’；叶色；生化成分含量 　　中图分类号：S571.101文献标识号：A文章编号：1001-4942（2018）03-0045-05 　　Abstract In this study， the light intensity， air temperature and air humidity in Taian City were statistically analyzed from April to September in 2016. Meanwhile， the color changes of Camellia sinensis cv. Huangjinya fresh shoots were observed， and the contents of chlorophyll and biochemical compounds （water extract， tea polyphenols， catechins， free amino acids， caffeine and soluble sugar） were determined. The results were as follows. （1） It had a obvious synchronization between rainfall and hotness， and between light intensity and temperature in Taian. （2） The color and pigment contents of Huangjinya fresh shoots changed with the climate conditions， and the values reached extreme in July when the light intensity was maximum. （3） During test periods， the contents of water extract， tea polyphenols and catechin in the new shoots of tea tree increased month by month， however， the contents of amino acid and caffeine monthly decreased. In addition， soluble sugar content had no significant change regularity. In conclusion， the climatic conditions in Taian can keep the excellent characteristics of yellowing， high ammonia and low phenol content in the Huangjinya fresh shoots， therefore it is suitable for the introduction of Huangjinya tea variety. 　　Keywords Climate condition； Tea tree；Camellia sinensis cv. Huangjinya； Leaf color； Biochemical compounds 　　‘?S金芽’（Camellia sinensis cv. Huangjinya）是原产于浙江省余姚市的一个典型光照敏感型珍稀黄化茶树品种，全年新梢呈黄化[1，2]，性状稳定，其黄化规律主要受光照强度的调控：当光照强度为15 klx时芽体开始出现黄化，25 klx时成叶黄化充分，但当光照强度达到60 klx以上，极易造成芽体的灼伤受损[3]。此外，‘黄金芽’茶树品种在生化成分上具有“高氨低酚”的优异品质特性