不同壳色文蛤的养殖效应、早期发育生长以及消化酶活性比较-海洋生物学专业论文.docxVIP

上海 上海海洋大学硕士学位论文 PAGE PAGE VI 3． 以红壳色文蛤子一代选系中红、黄壳色文蛤作为实验材料。随机取样， 获得 726 个个体，其中黄壳色文蛤 181 个，红壳色文蛤 545 个。就壳长、壳高、 壳宽和体重 4 个方面进行生长效果比较；依据壳长大小分为：N1、N2、N3、N4、 N5 5 个规格实验组，测定两种壳色不同规格文蛤的淀粉酶和纤维素酶活性。结果 显示：红壳色文蛤群体平均壳长、壳高、壳宽和体重分别为 25.83±3.05 mm、 12.41±1.66mm、21.58±2.56 mm、4.20±1.70 g；黄壳色文蛤群体平均壳长、壳高、 壳宽和体重分别为 24.65±2.82 mm、11.87±1.46 mm、20.42±2.27mm 和 3.61±1.38 g。 红壳色文蛤的生长速度高于黄壳色文蛤，单因素方差分析表明，差异显著（P 0.05）。红壳色文蛤的淀粉酶酶活性变化范围为 1.90~3.30U/mg，纤维素酶活性变 化范围为 36.81~72.41U/mg。黄壳色文蛤的淀粉酶酶活性变化范围为 1.38~3.00 U/mg，纤维素酶活性变化范围为 29.50~57.18U/mg。红壳色文蛤淀粉酶和纤维素 酶活性均高于黄壳色文蛤，单因素方差分析表明，差异显著（P 0.05）。多变量 方差分析结果表明，壳色和壳长对文蛤淀粉酶、纤维素酶活性影响显著（P0.01）， 而两者的交互作用对纤维素酶影响不显著（P0.05），但对淀粉酶的影响显著 （P0.05）。 关键词：文蛤；壳色；早期生长；壳色遗传；消化酶 Comparative study of cultured effect, early growth and digestive enzymes activity in Meretrix meritrix of different shell colors Abstract Meretrix meritrix is an important economic shellfish in China. The shell color polymorphism of M. meritrix is very rich. In this paper, comparison of cultured effect; traits at early developmental stage and digestive enzyme activities of different shell colors M. meritrix were studied. The main experimental contents and results were as follows: Types of shell color and their distribution frequency in individuals from red shell color M. meritrix were analyzed, traits of different shell colors M. meritrix were quantified such as shell length, s hell width and s hell height. Also, morpHological traits and growth rate were studied. The results showed that the frequency of shell colors including red, yellow, double-white, double- yellow and ripple were 75.58%, 8.55%, 0.53%, 14.83% and 0.50%, which indicating that the shell color of M.meretrix is of polymorpHism. The cluster analysis and Euclidian matrix showed that ripple had the closest relationship with yellow, double-white had the closer relationship with double-yellow, and the furthest relationship between red and other colors. Results of principle component analysis revealed the spatial distribution of different