广州市高三学生自我超越生命意义与考试焦虑考试元担忧关系.docVIP

广州市高三学生自我超越生命意义与考试焦虑考试元担忧关系 　　【摘要】 目的 探讨高三学生的自我超越生命意义与考试焦虑、考试元担忧的关系。方法 使 　　用自我超越生命意义量表、考试焦虑问卷和考试元担忧问卷调查了广州市1142名高三学生。结果 ①不同类型学校的高三学生自我超越生命意义水平差异显著，自我超越生命意义对考试焦虑有显著的调节作用；②高三学生考试焦虑属于中等偏高水平，男生比女生更焦虑；③考试过程、家庭冲突及前途命运是造成高三学生考试焦虑的主要元担忧因素；④家庭的元担忧对自我超越生命意义影响最大。结论 自我超越生命意义教育可作为缓解高考考试焦虑的重要策略。 　　【关键词】 高三学生；心理健康；相关研究；考试焦虑；考试元担忧；自我超越生命意义 　　 　　Relationships among Self-transcendence Meaning of Life, Test Anxiety and Test Metaworries of Senior Middle School Students in Grade Three in Guangzhou. Xu Sian, Zhang Jijia. Department of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P.R.China 　　【Abstract】 Objective To examine the relationships among self-transcendence meaning of life, test anxiety and test metaworries. Methods A sample of 1142 senior middle school students in Grade Three in Guangzhou were administrated by SMLS, TAS and the questionnaire of test metaworries. Results There were differences in self-transcendence meaning of life in the three types of senior middle school students; self-transcendence meaning of life moderated the test anxiety; the degree of test anxiety was medium and the male was more anxious than the female; test process, family conflict and future destiny were the main source of test metaworries to test anxiety in senior middle school students in Grade Three; the most source of metaworries to self-transcendence meaning of life was family. Conclusion The strategy of test anxiety to senior middle school students in Grade Three could be carried on the education of self-transcendence meaning of life. 　　【Key words】 Senior middle school students in Grade Three; Mental health; Correlation study; Test anxiety; Test metaworries; Self-transcendence meaning of life 　　 　　焦虑作为人类心理失调最经常出现的问题，一直是心理学中十分活跃的领域[1]。考试焦虑则是青少年最常见的焦虑种类。研究焦点之一是考试焦虑原因的探讨，而近年较为著名的是Adrian Wells的焦虑的二型担忧模型的研究[2]。他认为，焦虑是由担忧引起，担忧又可分为Ⅰ型担忧和Ⅱ型担忧。Ⅰ型担忧指对特定事件的担忧，而Ⅱ型担忧是在经历了Ⅰ型担忧基础上形成的一种对担忧的担忧，即元担忧。其后，许多研究证实，元担忧对一般焦虑、考试焦虑都有重要影响[3-7]，是导致个体考试焦虑的重要认知因素。 　　那么，在教育中，有什么策略可以帮助学生调节认知因素以缓解他们的考试焦虑？近