城市第一代独生子女家庭的养老困境及对策研究——基于j省j市的调查-research on the plight of providing for the aged of the first generation of one - child families in cities and countermeasures —— based on the investigation in j city, j province.docxVIP

城市第一代独生子女家庭的养老困境及对策研究——基于j省j市的调查-research on the plight of providing for the aged of the first generation of one - child families in cities and countermeasures —— based on the investigation in j city, j province.docx

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城市第一代独生子女家庭的养老困境及对策研究——基于j省j市的调查-research on the plight of providing for the aged of the first generation of one - child families in cities and countermeasures —— based on the investigation in j city, j province

万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 自 20 世纪 70 年代全面推行计划生育政策以来,我国的家庭结构模式发生了 重大变化,由联合的大家庭逐渐变成一对夫妻一个孩子的小核心家庭模式。由于 计划生育政策的推广和实施,人们已经接受了少生、优生的生育观念,生育率也 随之在大幅度降低。但伴随而来的弊端就是,我国的老龄化时代提前到来。而本 来还很罕见的独生子女家庭模式,在我国逐渐增多。而对第一代独生子女家庭养 老问题的研究,可为我国养老保障体系的完善尽一份力量。 本文调查的城市第一代独生子女家庭界定为 1976—1984 年在城市出生的独生 子女,以 J 省 J 巿为调查地点。作者通过在 J 市六大社区里对独生子女家庭进行问 卷调查,了解 J 市独生子女与其父母的基本情况以及选择的养老方式,总结他们所 面临的困境。同时还以访谈的方式,深入了解独生子女父母选择养老方式的影响 因素。通过对调查结果的分析,总结独生子女父母所期盼的养老方式,分析选择 养老方式的原因,分析独生子女父母的养老困境,并寻求解决其困境的对策。 然后分析得出结论:很多独生子女父母自己也意识到,虽然心理很支持家庭 养老,但是有时候是无能为力的,社区养老这种模式虽然成本比较大,但是是十 分可行的,只要在一个完善的社区,有这样的服务还是好的。 针对独生子女家庭养老这一社会问题,本文提出了健全独生子女家庭养老的 社会保障制度,构建新型社区养老服务体系,提倡老年人树立自我养老意识,推 动养老社会化、产业化、专业化,树立敬老、爱老的社会风气等五点意见。希望 为中国独生子女家庭养老问题的解决提供一些参考。 关键词:城市第一代独生子女家庭;养老困境;对策 1 Abstract Since the family planning policy has been fully implemented in 1980s, the number of one-child families in China is increasing. Changes of family size and family structure have caused a huge impact on family support for the aged. Because the endowment resource of one-child families is very limited compared to families that have more than one child, the endowment issue of those one-child families has now emerged. As the parents of those one-child families which were the first formed in the influence of family planning policy are now growing old, this endowment problem are getting more and more serious. Therefore, the one-child family endowment problem has become increasingly severe. The study of the first generation of one-child family endowment issue can make a contribution for the improvement of Chinas old-age security system. This article defines the only children who were born between 1976 and 1984 as the first generation of the only children, and the main object of study is that the first generation of the only children and their parents in city J of J Province. Household survey was taken in the one-child families of city J’s main six communities. Questionnaires were respectively sent to both the children and the parents of those one-child families so that, thr

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