中国特留份制度分析-analysis of chinas special retention system.docxVIP

华中科 技 大学 华 中 科 技 大 学 硕 士 学 位 论 文 II II 制性特点。 论文第三部分作为本文的最重要的一章，旨在通过对各国特留份制度的比较分 析，提出了中国特留份制度的具体构思。在分析比较了几个代表性国家的特留份制 度后，对特留份的性质、特征、与相关权利的关系进行了分析，得出结论：特留份 对遗嘱自由是一种限制，但这种限制不能突破遗嘱自由的范围，使其成为对生前意 思自治的一种限制。合理的、科学的特留份制度要在自由与限制之间找到适宜的平 衡点，要在个人自由与社会利益之间找到最好的结合点。在此理论基础之上，从编 排体例、相关制度安排、特留份主体、特留份的份额、特留份的丧失、特留份的扣 减、扣减的诉讼时效等方面，对完善我国遗嘱自由制度提出立法建议。最后以一则 例子来说明和检测整个立法构思。 论文第四部分也即结论，从特留份主体、特留份的份额、特留份的丧失、特留 份的扣减、扣减的诉讼时效五个方面，提出具体立法建议稿。 关键词: 继承 遗嘱自由 限制 特留份 III III Abstract What is freedom? Freedom is considered as that people can do what he wants in legal limits. The rule autonomy of the will is the reflection of freedom in Inheritance law.Freedom of testament is the reflection of the rule autonomy of the will as the freedom of contract. And freedom of testament is considered as comprehensively protecting the individual property. Freedom of testament is that people can freely deal with his individual property by testament after he dies. But freedom does not depend on personal will, it is limitary, transcending discretion of specific people and identifying universality. Such limit includes confinement based on conditions of society life, and that for the sake of benefit of society and others, and of coordination of all kinds of freedom. The freedom of testament is not excepting.After 19t century，with the development of social economy and politics, social standard replace individual standard and the rule autonomy of the will is restricted.For this reason, the freedom of testament must be limited. Starting with two typical case, the article expounds comprehensively and systematically the legislation gist of establishing legitim system of our country, and provides exhibition of concrete construction of the system, incorporating the situation of our country. And the article aims at the distinct deficiency in confinement of testament freedom in current law of inheritance of our country,and has exercised such analyzing means as philosophy, history, ethnics,jurisprudence and comparison, etc. The