不同类型农村小额贷款机构财务可持续性研究-技术经济及管理专业论文.docxVIP

重庆大学硕士学位论文中 重庆大学硕士学位论文 中文摘要 I I 摘 要 小额信贷作为一种“反贫困”的金融工具被引入中国已经有将近三十年的时间 了，在我国农村地区，特别是农村贫困地区，小额信贷起到非常重要的作用并得到 长足的发展。随着农村金融改革的深入，农村金融构成主体及小额信贷供给主体日 趋多样化日益受到人们的关注。 从国外成功的经验来看，各国小额信贷的运作方式和发展路径各有差异。本文 深入分析了中国农村地区扶贫性小额信贷的发展现状遇到的困境，并从国外成功的 小额信贷机构中借鉴成功的经验。国际上小额信贷发展出现了新的动向，比如小额 信贷机构评级及透明化等。 我国农村地区小额信贷供给机构主要有正规商业金融机构、政府机构以及非政 府机构三类。本文以理论假设为基础，通过分别对我国农村这类小额信贷机构开展 的小额信贷业务进行可行性分析，发现当信贷机构能自由确定贷款利率时，非政府 性质信贷机构和商业性小额信贷机构可以获得持续性的运营；而政府性质信贷机构 无法取得财务上的持续性。这就要求各信贷机构明确自己的定位，更好地服务于农 村市场。 结合前文所述，对应文中小额信贷各主体博弈关系的分析，提出了改善我国小 额信贷的建议：积极参与小额信贷评级、积极推进农村小额信贷机构评级和完善农 村金融市场准入机制的配套策略。 关键词：小额贷款，小组联保，可持续性 重庆大学硕士学位论文英 重庆大学硕士学位论文 英文摘要 II II ABSTRACT Since Microfinance was introduced to China as an “anti-poverty” financial tool, it was almost thirty years. In Chinese rural areas, especially in rural poor areas, microfinance play a very important role in Chinese areas, and Microfinance has got far development. With the rural financial reforming deeply, the diversification of rural financial constitutions are focused by more people. From an international point of view， the mode of operation of Microfinance and development path are different. This paper analyzes the present situation of poverty alleviation microfinance in Chinese rural areas. And study the successful experience of foreign Microfinance institution. There is new trend in international microfinance development, such as microfinance institution rating and transparent, etc. The regular commercial financial institutions, government agencies and non-government organizations are the three main types of rural areas Microfinance supply agencies. Based on theoretical assumption, this paper analyzes feasibility of these agencies, found that when the credit agencies can freely set the mortgage rates, non-governmental properties credit agency and commercial microfinance institutions can obtain continuous operation; and government property credit agencies cannot gain financial sustainability. This requires each credit agency clear their own orientation, a