淹水胁迫对桑树生长及生理特性影响.docVIP

淹水胁迫对桑树生长及生理特性影响 　　摘要：以五年生桑树（Morus alba L.）品种强桑1号、农桑14号、育71-1为试验材料，研究田间长期或短期淹水对桑树生长及生理特性的影响。结果显示，4个月长期淹水胁迫导致强桑1号植株生长和光合作用明显受阻，与对照相比，枝条长度、叶面积大小、节间长度及桑叶产量极显著减小，净光合速率（Pn）、蒸腾速率（Tr）和气孔导度（Gs）显著降低。短期淹水胁迫导致强桑1号、农桑14号和育71-1叶片H2O2含量升高，而后随胁迫时间延长维持在相对稳定的水平；各桑树品种叶片丙二醛（MDA）含量差异明显，农桑14号叶片MDA含量总体相对较低。短期淹水胁迫下，3个桑树品种叶片超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性总体呈下降趋势，而过氧化氢酶（POD）活性随时间的延长不断增加。农桑14号叶片SOD和POD活性均高于其他两个品种，表现出较强的耐淹水能力。 　　关键词：桑树（Morus alba L.）；淹水胁迫；净光合速率；丙二醛；抗氧化酶活性 　　中图分类号：S888.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）23-4559-05 　　DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.23.036 　　Abstract： Five-years-old mulberry varieties Qiangsang No.1， Nongsang No.14 and Yu 71-1 were used as test materials to investigate the seedlings growth and physiological-biochemical characteristics of mulberry under long-term or short-term flooding stress. The results showed that，the plant growth and photosynthesis were obviously blocked under long-term flooding stress for four months. Compared with the control，the branch length， leaf area， internodes length and leaf yield of mulberry were remarkably decreased and the Pn，Tr and Gs of mulberry leaves were significantly inhibited. The H2O2 content in the leaves of Qiangsang No.1，Nongsang No.14 and Yu 71-1 increased at the early stage of short-term flooding stress，and then maintained a relatively stable level with the increase of treatment time. The MDA content in leaves of three mulberry varieties was obviously different，and the MDA content in leaves of Nongsang No.14 was lower under short-term flooding stress. With the increase of short-term flooding stress，the SOD activity of leaves in three mulberry varieties decreased，while the POD activity increased. The activity of SOD and POD in leaves of Nongsang No.14 was higher and the submergence tolerance ability of Nongsang No.14 was stronger. 　　Key words： mulberry （Morus alba L.）； flooding stress； net photosynthetic rate； malondialdehyde； antioxidant enzyme activity 　　?S着全球气候变暖，世界各地极端自然灾害频发，而尤以洪涝灾害对植物生长和农业生产威胁最大[1，2]。以2016年武汉地区及2017年贵州、湖