翻译中显化思维和方法.docVIP

翻译中显化思维和方法 　　提 要:受“原著中心论”的影响,翻译研究有一种以原著为中心,忽视译文主体判别译文质量的倾向,由此引发出“忠”与“不忠”、“信”与“不信”、“直译”与“意译”甚至“神似”与“形似”的争论。本文认为,由于译出语到译入语的翻译过程是基于认知的显化加工过程,译入语文本是译出语文化准则与译入语文化的融合;显化是译出语同译入语之间语码转换的中介。显化翻译思维有助于消解“原著中心论”的束缚,可以较好地处理译出语和译入语之间的语码转换。文章讨论显化翻译的基本理念、显化翻译视域中的译出语文本、显化对默认值的浮现、显化与语篇视点、显化与整合以及显化与文化准则等问题。 　　关键词:显化;默认值;视点;整合;文化 　　中图分类号:H315.9文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-0100(2009)04-0106-4 　　 　　The Explicit Thinking and Methods in Translation 　　Jiang Fei Dong Hong-xue 　　(Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China) 　　The present translation study is still original text-based approach due to the great impact of the “text-centrism”. The main arguments lie in the relationship between faithfulness” and “unfaithfulness”, “literal translation” and “free translation”, “alike in appearance” and “alike in spirit”. The present paper argues that the translation process from source language to target language is cognition-based explicit processing, the source language text is the convergence of the source linguistic rule and the target language culture; explicitness is the media of code switching from target language to source language. Explicit translation thinking can not only help to break through the chain of “text centrism”, but incorperate the code switching from source language to target language. The main issues of present paper include the brief introduction of basic translation concepts and the target language text from explicit translation prespective, discussion of explicitness as the emergence of default value, explicitness and the reference point, explicitness and conceptual blending, explicitness and cultural values. 　　Key words:explicitness; default value; reference point; conceptual blending; culture 　　 　　1 显化翻译的基本理念 　　 　　翻译并非译出语同译入语之间的简单语码转换。语篇由显性表达式和隐性表达式共同构成。忽略这两方面中的任何一方,对语篇意义的理解都不完整。语言符号和表达形式本身是意义的引领者,译出语文本文字表征结构的意义要经过译者的深层加工,将显性表达和隐性表达显化,将藏匿于译出语文本中文字壳体里面的意义挖掘出来,使其在译入语中显化。文字符号的外显特征往往给人以错觉,以为意义就在符号之内(汪立荣 2006)。其实,意义不完全是文字符号表征的,而是文字符号引导下的,通过认知、文化、感情因素综合加工得出的。“显”是对原文意图之“显”,