锭坯双喷嘴扫描喷射成形均匀沉积技术研究-机械电子工程专业论文.docxVIP

南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 摘 要 双喷嘴喷射成形技术可以用来制备大尺寸锭坯及提高生产率，是喷射成形产业化的未来发 展方向。双喷嘴扫描形式使沉积表面的物质和热焓分布相对复杂，对锭坯形貌和沉积条件、材 料组织的稳定性有很大影响。本文针对双喷嘴扫描喷射成形，以实现沉积表面雾化物质的均匀 沉积为目标，从理论上深入研究了锭坯均匀沉积的条件和喷嘴扫描摆动的驱动方式，为工艺参 数优化提供了理论指导。 全面综述了国内外喷射成形锭坯形貌数值模拟方法的研究现状和成果，归纳分析了坐标跟 踪法、质量平均法等研究方法，并分析了各方法优缺点。在此基础上，提出了本文的研究内容。 提出了基于沉积轨迹的锭坯双喷嘴扫描喷射成形数值模拟方法。建立了内外喷嘴的沉积轨 迹模型，分析了喷嘴偏心距、始倾斜角、扫描范围角、喷射高度、扫描频率、沉积基底旋转速 度等各个参数对沉积锭坯形貌的影响规律，理论分析了沉积轨迹耦合的条件。 根据雾化锥沉积轨迹模型，研究了喷嘴在不同扫描运动形式下，沉积锭坯表面各处沉积速 率的分布情况，提出了基于凸轮驱动结构的喷嘴变速扫描方式，并根据锭坯均匀沉积要求逆向 推导设计出了凸轮轮廓形状。 系统地研究锭坯双喷嘴喷射成形过程中，喷嘴布局及运动参数、基底旋转与下降速度、喷 嘴的金属流率等工艺参数的优化选择流程及方法。 通过喷射成形实验对本文的研究内容进行了验证，实验结果表明了本文提出的沉积轨迹 法、凸轮驱动扫描方法以及工艺参数优化方法的的正确性。通过该方法可以实现参数优化，减 少工艺试验工作量、降低试验成本和缩短试验周期。 关键词：双喷嘴喷射成形，锭坯，沉积轨迹，凸轮驱动，参数优化 I 锭坯双喷嘴扫描喷射成形均匀沉积技术研究 锭坯双喷嘴扫描喷射成形均匀沉积技术研究 II II Abstract Spray forming with twin nozzles is used to produce simultaneously to spray large-diameter billets and to increase throughput. Therefore it is the development direction of spray forming industry in the future. In spray forming with two scanning nozzles, the distribution of the melted metal and enthalpy fluxed on the deposit surface are more complex and they have great effect on the shape of billets, depositional condition and material organization. In order to keep billet well-distributed of spray forming with twin nozzles, the conditions to obtain well-distributed billet and drive mode of scanning nozzles are studied in the paper. The existing method that can predict the shape of billet is introduced, including track coordinate, average quality and so on. Then advantages and disadvantages of them are analyzed.And the research content is put forward. The scanning deposition track of atomizing cone and its coupling conditions are studied in the paper. The mathematical models of scanning deposition trajectory coordinates and scanning deposition region are established. The effects of the eccentricity, the initial tilt angle, the largest scanning angle, the scanning frequency of the nozzle, the spray height, and the rotation speed of the